Hesperis matronalis
Hesperis matronalis
Hesperis matronalis
Hesperis matronalis
Hesperis matronalis
Hesperis matronalis
Hesperis matronalis
Hesperis matronalis
Hesperis matronalis
Hesperis matronalis
Dame's Rocket, Damask Violet, Night-scented Gilliflower, Queen's Gilliflower, Rogue's Gilliflower, Summer Lilac, Sweet Rocket, Mother-of-the-evening
very beautiful flowering from its first spring
vincent, 15/05/2025
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Description
Hesperis matronalis, or Dame's Rocket, is a perennial plant with a rosette habit. Its main asset is its powerful fragrance reminiscent of jasmine. The name Hesperis comes from the Greek word hespera, meaning "evening", alluding to the stronger scent of the flowers in late afternoon. Insects are attracted to this flower. The flowering starts at the end of May and lasts until July. Impressive pink-lilac flowers with a diameter of 2cm (1in) appear in clusters.
It is a very hardy plant as long as the soil is well-drained. This allows it to be cultivated without any issues in many regions. It has a rapid growth rate from the first year. It does not live for a long time but self-seeds abundantly. Its stems bear dark green deciduous lanceolate leaves, 10 to 25cm (4 to 10in) long.
Native to southern Europe, Siberia, and western and central Asia, it can grow from 60cm (24in) up to 1m (3ft) in height. It is often placed in flower beds near houses to enjoy its sweet fragrance. It is also suitable for wild gardens as it self-seeds freely. The variety pairs well with pale-blue or violet delphiniums, as well as bright yellow rudbeckias. It can be combined with pure white panicle phlox, white bee balms, summer daisies, or even dahlias to create a beautiful white garden.
Hesperis matronalis in pictures
Flowering
Foliage
Plant habit
Botanical data
Hesperis
matronalis
Brassicaceae
Dame's Rocket, Damask Violet, Night-scented Gilliflower, Queen's Gilliflower, Rogue's Gilliflower, Summer Lilac, Sweet Rocket, Mother-of-the-evening
Eastern Europe
Planting and care
It thrives and flowers for a long time in a semi-shaded environment. Full sun is also suitable, but it should not be too scorching and the soil should not dry out deeply. Place the plant in fertile, deep, moist, and well-drained soil. However, Hesperis grows well in any good garden soil. Plant 6 to 8 plants per square metre. Bury the collar of the plant 2cm (1in) below the surface of the soil. The plant needs to be kept cool throughout the year. There is not much maintenance required, except for removing faded flowers to promote flowering. Water in case of drought during summer to achieve an abundance of flowers. The stems are resistant to wind and do not require staking. Watch out for mildew and snails, slugs, caterpillars, and flea beetles that can harm the plant.
Planting period
Intended location
Care
Planting & care advice
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Hardiness is the lowest winter temperature a plant can endure without suffering serious damage or even dying. However, hardiness is affected by location (a sheltered area, such as a patio), protection (winter cover) and soil type (hardiness is improved by well-drained soil).
In temperate climates, pruning of spring-flowering shrubs (forsythia, spireas, etc.) should be done just after flowering.
Pruning of summer-flowering shrubs (Indian Lilac, Perovskia, etc.) can be done in winter or spring.
In cold regions as well as with frost-sensitive plants, avoid pruning too early when severe frosts may still occur.
The harvesting period indicated on our website applies to countries and regions in USDA zone 8 (France, England, Ireland, the Netherlands).
In colder areas (Scandinavia, Poland, Austria...) fruit and vegetable harvests are likely to be delayed by 3-4 weeks.
In warmer areas (Italy, Spain, Greece, etc.), harvesting will probably take place earlier, depending on weather conditions.
The sowing periods indicated on our website apply to countries and regions within USDA Zone 8 (France, UK, Ireland, Netherlands).
In colder areas (Scandinavia, Poland, Austria...), delay any outdoor sowing by 3-4 weeks, or sow under glass.
In warmer climes (Italy, Spain, Greece, etc.), bring outdoor sowing forward by a few weeks.
The planting period indicated on our website applies to regions in USDA Zone 9a (East Coast and Midlands: Dublin, Wexford, Waterford, Kilkenny, Portlaoise). It will vary depending on where you live:
- On the west coast and in the north-west (Galway, Limerick, Sligo, Donegal, Westport), delay planting by 1 to 2 weeks in spring and bring it forward by 1 to 2 weeks in autumn compared to the dates given, preferably choosing periods without strong winds.
- In the inland hills and plateaus (Wicklow Mountains, Macgillycuddy’s Reeks, Connemara, Killarney), it is best to plant in spring (April–May) or autumn (September–October), avoiding periods of waterlogged soil in winter and strong winds, which pose the main risk to newly planted trees in these areas.
The flowering period indicated on our website applies to regions in USDA Zone 9a, such as the East Coast and Midlands, including Dublin, Wexford, Waterford, Kilkenny and Portlaoise.
This will vary depending on where you live:
- On the west coast and in the northwest (Galway, Limerick, Sligo, Donegal and Westport), it will be delayed by one to two weeks compared to the given dates, due to stronger Atlantic winds and less spring sunshine.
- In the inland hills and plateaus (the Wicklow Mountains, the Macgillycuddy's Reeks, Connemara and Killarney), flowering will be delayed by two to three weeks. Flowering mainly occurs between May and July, with the limiting factors being less frost and more of the excessive humidity, strong winds and lack of sunshine that are characteristic of these areas.
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