Rhus typhina - Stag's Horn Sumach
Rhus typhina - Stag's Horn Sumach
Rhus typhina - Stag's Horn Sumach
Rhus typhina - Stag's Horn Sumach
Rhus typhina - Stag's Horn Sumach
Rhus typhina - Stag's Horn Sumach
Rhus typhina - Stag's Horn Sumach
Rhus typhina - Stag's Horn Sumach
Rhus typhina
Stag's Horn Sumach
It's no wonder this tree is completely banned in Switzerland. It reproduces at an alarming rate, and if you're not careful, you'll end up with a forest of Sumac in your garden. At the end of 2024, I had all the trees I had (about thirty) removed. In 2025, it's still shooting up again... A real nightmare.
Gerard, 22/02/2026
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Description
Staghorn Sumac or Rhus Typhina is a bush that blooms from June throughout the summer. It produces yellow-green flowers in panicles. The female flowers and the male flowers are arranged on separate plants. It is the female flowers that will produce hairy red fruits. These fruits form clusters at the end of the branches and last until winter, even when the deciduous leaves are no longer present.
On the red hairy stems, the foliage adds attractiveness to the tree. It turns from green to a beautiful orange-red colour in autumn. The leaves are very large, measuring from 20 to 60 cm (8 to 24in), and are composed of 11 to 31 leaflets measuring between 6 and 12 cm (2 and 5in) long. These leaflets are oblong (longer than wide and rounded at both ends), deeply cut and toothed.
The Staghorn Sumac can reach a height of up to 8 m (26ft) at maturity. It is also a suckering bush that can become very invasive. Native to eastern North America, it is a hardy plant that was introduced to Europe in the 1620s. It is a perennial with a lifespan of 50 to 100 years. The Staghorn Sumac is melliferous, meaning it contains substances collected by pollinating insects or some birds that are transformed into honey. It also attracts butterflies. It can be grown both individually and in groups, as well as in hedges and even in pots. It often grows on dry and rocky slopes, preventing soil erosion. It is also found in meadows, thickets, and forest edges.
It is a tree that is used for ornamental purposes. It is also called Vinegar Tree and its acidic fruits are used to make a kind of lemonade. Caution should be taken with the toxic sap, which can cause severe dermatitis.
Rhus typhina - Stag's Horn Sumach in pictures
Plant habit
Flowering
Foliage
Botanical data
Rhus
typhina
Anacardiaceae
Stag's Horn Sumach
Cultivar or hybrid
Planting and care
Rhus Typhina thrives in the sun. It indeed needs a lot of light and is very resistant to drought. It does not care about the quality of the soil, plant it in ordinary, moist but well-drained and rather rich soil, in spring or autumn. You can prune, even severely, in early spring to promote new shoots. To prevent this bush from becoming too invasive, regularly cut off the suckering shoots or surround it with anti-rhizome barriers.
Planting period
Intended location
Care
Planting & care advice
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Hardiness is the lowest winter temperature a plant can endure without suffering serious damage or even dying. However, hardiness is affected by location (a sheltered area, such as a patio), protection (winter cover) and soil type (hardiness is improved by well-drained soil).
In temperate climates, pruning of spring-flowering shrubs (forsythia, spireas, etc.) should be done just after flowering.
Pruning of summer-flowering shrubs (Indian Lilac, Perovskia, etc.) can be done in winter or spring.
In cold regions as well as with frost-sensitive plants, avoid pruning too early when severe frosts may still occur.
The harvesting period indicated on our website applies to countries and regions in USDA zone 8 (France, England, Ireland, the Netherlands).
In colder areas (Scandinavia, Poland, Austria...) fruit and vegetable harvests are likely to be delayed by 3-4 weeks.
In warmer areas (Italy, Spain, Greece, etc.), harvesting will probably take place earlier, depending on weather conditions.
The sowing periods indicated on our website apply to countries and regions within USDA Zone 8 (France, UK, Ireland, Netherlands).
In colder areas (Scandinavia, Poland, Austria...), delay any outdoor sowing by 3-4 weeks, or sow under glass.
In warmer climes (Italy, Spain, Greece, etc.), bring outdoor sowing forward by a few weeks.
The planting period indicated on our website applies to regions in USDA Zone 9a (East Coast and Midlands: Dublin, Wexford, Waterford, Kilkenny, Portlaoise). It will vary depending on where you live:
- On the west coast and in the north-west (Galway, Limerick, Sligo, Donegal, Westport), delay planting by 1 to 2 weeks in spring and bring it forward by 1 to 2 weeks in autumn compared to the dates given, preferably choosing periods without strong winds.
- In the inland hills and plateaus (Wicklow Mountains, Macgillycuddy’s Reeks, Connemara, Killarney), it is best to plant in spring (April–May) or autumn (September–October), avoiding periods of waterlogged soil in winter and strong winds, which pose the main risk to newly planted trees in these areas.
The flowering period indicated on our website applies to regions in USDA Zone 9a, such as the East Coast and Midlands, including Dublin, Wexford, Waterford, Kilkenny and Portlaoise.
This will vary depending on where you live:
- On the west coast and in the northwest (Galway, Limerick, Sligo, Donegal and Westport), it will be delayed by one to two weeks compared to the given dates, due to stronger Atlantic winds and less spring sunshine.
- In the inland hills and plateaus (the Wicklow Mountains, the Macgillycuddy's Reeks, Connemara and Killarney), flowering will be delayed by two to three weeks. Flowering mainly occurs between May and July, with the limiting factors being less frost and more of the excessive humidity, strong winds and lack of sunshine that are characteristic of these areas.
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