Aesculus glabra var. arguta - Ohio buckeye
Aesculus glabra var. arguta - Ohio buckeye
Aesculus glabra var. arguta
Ohio buckeye, Fetid buckeye
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Description
Aesculus glabra var. arguta, the Texas Buckeye, is a small tree that finds its place in natural gardens, informal hedges, and on seasonally flooded banks. Less vigorous than the typical Ohio Buckeye, it displays a rounded habit and offers in spring creamy to yellow-green floral spikes appreciated by insects. It is cultivated in non-scorching sun or partial shade, in well-drained soil, preferably calcareous to neutral. Under these conditions, it can develop beautiful colours in autumn.
Belonging to the Sapindaceae family (formerly Hippocastanaceae), Aesculus glabra var. arguta has the synonym Aesculus arguta. Its natural range covers the western border of Ohio: southeastern Nebraska, Kansas and Missouri, Oklahoma to central and eastern Texas. This species grows there on limestone slopes, in sandy woodland edges and well-drained lowlands, often near watercourses.
It is a bush or small tree that reaches 3 to 7 m in height, with a generally broad and rounded habit. The shoots, initially smooth and grey, bear bark that becomes rougher with age; crushed tissues emit an unpleasant odour. The root system develops a taproot accompanied by lateral roots; the plant self-seeds readily but does not sucker.
The foliage, deciduous, is palmate: the leaf is compound with 7 to 11 leaflets narrow, lanceolate to acuminate, measuring 5 to 16 cm long by 4.5 to 6 cm wide, finely and doubly dentate. The foliage turns yellow, orange-red, even crimson before falling in October. The flowering, which occurs in April-May depending on the climate, appears as terminal erect panicles 12 to 16 cm long, composed of creamy to yellow-green flowers, with 4 petals and prominent stamens; they appear at the same time or just after the leaves. The fruits are light brown capsules, globular, 2.5 to 5 cm in diameter, with a warty, even thorny shell, containing 1 to 3 large, shiny brown seeds; all parts of the plant are toxic to humans and domestic animals. This tree is hardy down to -23°C.
The Texas Buckeye is used as a small woodland edge tree or in a copse, on well-drained soil that remains moist in spring; it tolerates fairly dry summers once established, but foliar scorch is possible in very hot summers. It can be planted near a ditch, stream, or overhanging a bank, with American dry meadow perennials such as Echinacea pallida, Asclepias tuberosa or Gaillardia aristata 'Arizona Red' and grasses like Schizachyrium scoparium and Sporobolus heterolepis. You can also pair it with the red buckeye A. pavia 'Humilis' to extend the flowering period.
Plant habit
Flowering
Foliage
Planting and care
Plant the Aesculus glabra var. arguta preferably in autumn (October-November) or in late winter, in dappled sun or partial shade, in a non-scorching exposure. Provide it with a well-drained soil, preferably calcareous to neutral, with a silty-sandy or clay-limestone texture; it appreciates moisture in spring, but dislikes both stagnant winter water and very compact soils. Dig a hole two to three times the volume of the root ball, loosen the bottom, mix the excavated soil with a little mature compost and plant without burying the collar. Water after planting and then provide regular waterings for the first two summers; mulch to retain moisture and limit the appearance of herbs. Avoid moving it afterwards: the taproot establishes quickly. A discreet stake for the first or second year secures anchorage. Space the young plants 3 to 4 m apart and avoid excess nitrogenous fertilisers; in the presence of children, remove the potentially toxic fruits.
Planting period
Intended location
Care
Planting & care advice
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Hardiness is the lowest winter temperature a plant can endure without suffering serious damage or even dying. However, hardiness is affected by location (a sheltered area, such as a patio), protection (winter cover) and soil type (hardiness is improved by well-drained soil).
In temperate climates, pruning of spring-flowering shrubs (forsythia, spireas, etc.) should be done just after flowering.
Pruning of summer-flowering shrubs (Indian Lilac, Perovskia, etc.) can be done in winter or spring.
In cold regions as well as with frost-sensitive plants, avoid pruning too early when severe frosts may still occur.
The harvesting period indicated on our website applies to countries and regions in USDA zone 8 (France, England, Ireland, the Netherlands).
In colder areas (Scandinavia, Poland, Austria...) fruit and vegetable harvests are likely to be delayed by 3-4 weeks.
In warmer areas (Italy, Spain, Greece, etc.), harvesting will probably take place earlier, depending on weather conditions.
The sowing periods indicated on our website apply to countries and regions within USDA Zone 8 (France, UK, Ireland, Netherlands).
In colder areas (Scandinavia, Poland, Austria...), delay any outdoor sowing by 3-4 weeks, or sow under glass.
In warmer climes (Italy, Spain, Greece, etc.), bring outdoor sowing forward by a few weeks.
The planting period indicated on our website applies to regions in USDA Zone 9a (East Coast and Midlands: Dublin, Wexford, Waterford, Kilkenny, Portlaoise). It will vary depending on where you live:
- On the west coast and in the north-west (Galway, Limerick, Sligo, Donegal, Westport), delay planting by 1 to 2 weeks in spring and bring it forward by 1 to 2 weeks in autumn compared to the dates given, preferably choosing periods without strong winds.
- In the inland hills and plateaus (Wicklow Mountains, Macgillycuddy’s Reeks, Connemara, Killarney), it is best to plant in spring (April–May) or autumn (September–October), avoiding periods of waterlogged soil in winter and strong winds, which pose the main risk to newly planted trees in these areas.
The flowering period indicated on our website applies to regions in USDA Zone 9a, such as the East Coast and Midlands, including Dublin, Wexford, Waterford, Kilkenny and Portlaoise.
This will vary depending on where you live:
- On the west coast and in the northwest (Galway, Limerick, Sligo, Donegal and Westport), it will be delayed by one to two weeks compared to the given dates, due to stronger Atlantic winds and less spring sunshine.
- In the inland hills and plateaus (the Wicklow Mountains, the Macgillycuddy's Reeks, Connemara and Killarney), flowering will be delayed by two to three weeks. Flowering mainly occurs between May and July, with the limiting factors being less frost and more of the excessive humidity, strong winds and lack of sunshine that are characteristic of these areas.
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