Aesculus hippocastanum Umbraculifera
Aesculus hippocastanum Umbraculifera
Aesculus hippocastanum Umbraculifera
Horse Chestnut, Conker Tree
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Description
Aesculus hippocastanum 'Umbraculifera' is a small Horse Chestnut tree that naturally forms a dense and rounded crown. This tree is usually grafted onto a 2.20m to 2.40m trunk, giving it a characteristic ball-shape. When grown on its own roots, it forms a large, harmonious, and densely rounded bush. Its foliage, flowering, and fruits are very similar to those of the common Horse Chestnut. This small tree is perfect for shading a terrace or in a French-style garden.
Aesculus hippocastanum belongs to the Sapindaceae or Hippocastanaceae family, depending on the classification. This tree with the common name of Horse Chestnut, is native to Macedonia, a region that includes northern Greece, Albania, and southern Bulgaria. It is a forest species. The common Horse Chestnut can reach a height of 25m and a spread of 15 to 20m, with its growth rate varying depending on the soil and climate.
The 'Umbraculifera' Horse Chestnut has been in cultivation since 1884, but its origin is unknown. Its silhouette will be different depending on whether the tree is grafted or not. The crown reaches approximately 3m in all directions. The rootstock is a Horse Chestnut. The trunk is covered with a brown to reddish bark, initially smooth, becoming grey and fissured with age. The crown is very dense. The deciduous foliage appears in spring and falls in autumn. In winter, large reddish buds covered with a shiny resin can be seen on the branches. The large leaves can reach 20cm in length and are divided into 5 to 7 toothed leaflets. They are attached to the branch by a long petiole. Flowering occurs in May-June, on branches that are already leafy. It takes the form of upright, pyramidal clusters called thyrses, about 15cm long, slightly shorter than those of the common Horse Chestnut. Each thyrsus is composed of numerous small, 1cm wide, white flowers with a small basal spot that changes from yellow to red. After pollination by insects, the characteristic, round and bristly fruits form. Each fruit can measure up to 4cm in diameter and contains only one large seed. Its root system is deep and powerful.
Aesculus hippocastanum 'Umbraculifera' tolerates any deep soil that remains slightly moist, even if it is chalky. It can be planted as a specimen tree in a clear location, on a lawn, or as a shade tree near a terrace. It can also be planted in rows along a wide avenue or straight path to create perspective. It can be planted in all regions, but it will grow faster if it benefits from a slightly humid climate.
Aesculus hippocastanum Umbraculifera in pictures
Plant habit
Flowering
Foliage
Botanical data
Aesculus
hippocastanum
Umbraculifera
Sapindaceae
Horse Chestnut, Conker Tree
Aesculus hippocastanum var. umbraculifera
Cultivar or hybrid
Planting and care
The 'Umbraculifera' Horse Chestnut is best planted in spring or autumn in ordinary, but deep soil, preferably quite rich, slightly acidic, neutral or slightly chalky. Plant it in a sunny or semi-shaded position, in a clear location so that it can be seen. Water and mulch to keep the soil moist for the young plants. Once well rooted, it will be satisfied with rainwater. In very dry and hot regions, the horse chestnut loses its leaves prematurely, and its leaves are often burned by the sun. This does not prevent it from living for many years. To limit attacks from pests (rarely fatal), collect the leaves in autumn and eliminate them. Trapping male butterflies using pheromone traps (funnel traps) limits the attacks.
Planting period
Intended location
Care
Planting & care advice
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Hardiness is the lowest winter temperature a plant can endure without suffering serious damage or even dying. However, hardiness is affected by location (a sheltered area, such as a patio), protection (winter cover) and soil type (hardiness is improved by well-drained soil).
In temperate climates, pruning of spring-flowering shrubs (forsythia, spireas, etc.) should be done just after flowering.
Pruning of summer-flowering shrubs (Indian Lilac, Perovskia, etc.) can be done in winter or spring.
In cold regions as well as with frost-sensitive plants, avoid pruning too early when severe frosts may still occur.
The harvesting period indicated on our website applies to countries and regions in USDA zone 8 (France, England, Ireland, the Netherlands).
In colder areas (Scandinavia, Poland, Austria...) fruit and vegetable harvests are likely to be delayed by 3-4 weeks.
In warmer areas (Italy, Spain, Greece, etc.), harvesting will probably take place earlier, depending on weather conditions.
The sowing periods indicated on our website apply to countries and regions within USDA Zone 8 (France, UK, Ireland, Netherlands).
In colder areas (Scandinavia, Poland, Austria...), delay any outdoor sowing by 3-4 weeks, or sow under glass.
In warmer climes (Italy, Spain, Greece, etc.), bring outdoor sowing forward by a few weeks.
The planting period indicated on our website applies to regions in USDA Zone 9a (East Coast and Midlands: Dublin, Wexford, Waterford, Kilkenny, Portlaoise). It will vary depending on where you live:
- On the west coast and in the north-west (Galway, Limerick, Sligo, Donegal, Westport), delay planting by 1 to 2 weeks in spring and bring it forward by 1 to 2 weeks in autumn compared to the dates given, preferably choosing periods without strong winds.
- In the inland hills and plateaus (Wicklow Mountains, Macgillycuddy’s Reeks, Connemara, Killarney), it is best to plant in spring (April–May) or autumn (September–October), avoiding periods of waterlogged soil in winter and strong winds, which pose the main risk to newly planted trees in these areas.
The flowering period indicated on our website applies to regions in USDA Zone 9a, such as the East Coast and Midlands, including Dublin, Wexford, Waterford, Kilkenny and Portlaoise.
This will vary depending on where you live:
- On the west coast and in the northwest (Galway, Limerick, Sligo, Donegal and Westport), it will be delayed by one to two weeks compared to the given dates, due to stronger Atlantic winds and less spring sunshine.
- In the inland hills and plateaus (the Wicklow Mountains, the Macgillycuddy's Reeks, Connemara and Killarney), flowering will be delayed by two to three weeks. Flowering mainly occurs between May and July, with the limiting factors being less frost and more of the excessive humidity, strong winds and lack of sunshine that are characteristic of these areas.
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