Cochlearia officinalis - Common Scurvygrass
Cochlearia officinalis - Common Scurvygrass
Cochlearia officinalis
Common Scurvygrass, Spoonwort
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Description
Cochlearia officinalis, also known as Common Scurvygrass or Spoonwort, is a medicinal and aromatic plant. It is cultivated for its foliage, which has a spicy, pungent, and slightly bitter flavour, and is used as a condiment similar to chives or even as a mustard substitute. This Cochlearia can be planted between April and September, in rich and well-drained garden soil, in full sun or partial shade. The leaves can be harvested as needed throughout the winter.
Cochlearia officinalis belongs to the Brassicaceae family (formerly crucifers), just like mustard or watercress. It is a small plant resistant to frost, with fast growth, and behaves as a perennial or biennial depending on the climate and growing conditions. This species can be found near the ocean, but increasingly along roads subjected to winter salting, as it thrives in salty soils. The plant forms a clump of about 25cm (10in) in all directions and develops upright leafy stems. The basal leaves have long petioles, while the smaller stem leaves are sheathing. All leaves are tough, dark green, with slightly upturned edges (hence the name Spoonwort). This vegetation is known for its high vitamin C content. The flowering period is from March to July, depending on the sowing date. The flowers are about 1cm (0in) in diameter, white, slightly fragrant, and clustered. After pollination by insects, small kidney-shaped seeds develop in fruits called siliculas.
In the kitchen: The leaves have a pungent and spicy flavour reminiscent of horseradish. They can be used raw, in small quantities, to enhance salads or raw vegetables, for example with garlic and parsley. Cochlearia also adds flavour to omelettes, rabbit with mustard... You can also do a spring detox with Cochlearia officinalis, accompanied by dandelion or wild chicory with their purifying properties.
Properties: antiscorbutic, depurative, sudorific, diuretic, cholagogue, rubefacient, digestive, and tonic. Prepare the leaves as an infusion.
Harvest: The leaves can be harvested from November to March during mild weather.
Storage: Consume quickly or finely chop the leaves and freeze them, similar to parsley and chives.
Gardening tip: Keep the soil slightly moist, but not waterlogged. Be aware of slug and snail attacks in spring and autumn.
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Cochlearia officinalis - Common Scurvygrass in pictures
Harvest
Plant habit
Foliage
Planting and care
Plant Cochlearia in a sunny or partially shaded position, in light, well-drained soil that remains slightly moist. This plant tolerates salty soils near the sea. It can be planted from April until autumn, spacing each young plant 30 to 40cm (12 to 16in) apart. Water regularly during dry weather. Mulching will help retain soil moisture while limiting the growth of weeds.
Prune regularly to promote new shoot growth. Easy to cultivate, this plant is resistant to cold weather.
Maintenance
Regularly perform hoeing and weeding. Beware of attacks from slugs and snails in early spring and early autumn.
Cultivation
Care
Intended location
Planting & care advice
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Hardiness is the lowest winter temperature a plant can endure without suffering serious damage or even dying. However, hardiness is affected by location (a sheltered area, such as a patio), protection (winter cover) and soil type (hardiness is improved by well-drained soil).
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In temperate climates, pruning of spring-flowering shrubs (forsythia, spireas, etc.) should be done just after flowering.
Pruning of summer-flowering shrubs (Indian Lilac, Perovskia, etc.) can be done in winter or spring.
In cold regions as well as with frost-sensitive plants, avoid pruning too early when severe frosts may still occur.
The harvesting period indicated on our website applies to countries and regions in USDA zone 8 (France, England, Ireland, the Netherlands).
In colder areas (Scandinavia, Poland, Austria...) fruit and vegetable harvests are likely to be delayed by 3-4 weeks.
In warmer areas (Italy, Spain, Greece, etc.), harvesting will probably take place earlier, depending on weather conditions.
The sowing periods indicated on our website apply to countries and regions within USDA Zone 8 (France, UK, Ireland, Netherlands).
In colder areas (Scandinavia, Poland, Austria...), delay any outdoor sowing by 3-4 weeks, or sow under glass.
In warmer climes (Italy, Spain, Greece, etc.), bring outdoor sowing forward by a few weeks.
The planting period indicated on our website applies to regions in USDA Zone 9a (East Coast and Midlands: Dublin, Wexford, Waterford, Kilkenny, Portlaoise). It will vary depending on where you live:
- On the west coast and in the north-west (Galway, Limerick, Sligo, Donegal, Westport), delay planting by 1 to 2 weeks in spring and bring it forward by 1 to 2 weeks in autumn compared to the dates given, preferably choosing periods without strong winds.
- In the inland hills and plateaus (Wicklow Mountains, Macgillycuddy’s Reeks, Connemara, Killarney), it is best to plant in spring (April–May) or autumn (September–October), avoiding periods of waterlogged soil in winter and strong winds, which pose the main risk to newly planted trees in these areas.
The flowering period indicated on our website applies to regions in USDA Zone 9a, such as the East Coast and Midlands, including Dublin, Wexford, Waterford, Kilkenny and Portlaoise.
This will vary depending on where you live:
- On the west coast and in the northwest (Galway, Limerick, Sligo, Donegal and Westport), it will be delayed by one to two weeks compared to the given dates, due to stronger Atlantic winds and less spring sunshine.
- In the inland hills and plateaus (the Wicklow Mountains, the Macgillycuddy's Reeks, Connemara and Killarney), flowering will be delayed by two to three weeks. Flowering mainly occurs between May and July, with the limiting factors being less frost and more of the excessive humidity, strong winds and lack of sunshine that are characteristic of these areas.