Camellia sinensis seeds - Tea
Camellia sinensis seeds - Tea
Camellia sinensis seeds - Tea
Camellia sinensis seeds - Tea
Camellia sinensis
Tea Plant
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Description
Sowing seeds of the Tea Plant, or Camellia sinensis, allows you to grow an authentic tea bush. This evergreen bush, a close relative of camellias, develops a spreading habit and dark green, glossy, toothed foliage. Its small white flowers with yellow stamens are charming. Native to the mountainous regions of Asia, it is cultivated there for its leaves, which are used in tea production after fermentation or drying. Growing from seed allows you to discover all the growth stages of the tea bush and obtain a unique bush for your garden or pot.
Camellia sinensis belongs to the Theaceae family and originates from southern China, though it is also cultivated in Japan, India, and other parts of the world with a mild and humid climate. In its natural habitat, it can exceed 10 metres in height, but in our latitudes, it remains more modest, rarely surpassing 2.50 metres, with an upright, spreading habit and relatively slow growth. Its dense, evergreen foliage consists of small, ovate, toothed and glossy leaves, measuring 4 to 8 cm long. It flowers twice a year when left unpruned. The 2.5 to 4 cm diameter, single flowers are composed of 5 green, persistent sepals and 5 to 8 white to pale yellow petals surrounding a centre of yellow stamens. Its solitary or clustered flowers (in groups of three to four) are followed by capsule-like fruits containing the seeds. Hardy down to -12°C, it adapts to temperate and humid climates, which are quite humid, cloudy, and with minimal seasonal temperature variations. Elsewhere, it should be given a sheltered position in winter and protected from the scorching sun in summer. It requires protection during intense cold spells.
Perfect for Japanese, cottage, or exotic gardens, the tea bush pairs well with shrubs like rhododendrons, pieris, or perennials such as heathers and meadow rues, which share its preference for acidic soils. It can also be grown as a hedge due to its density or in pots on a shaded terrace, with winter protection in case of severe frosts.
Camellia sinensis seeds - Tea in pictures
Flowering
Foliage
Plant habit
Botanical data
Camellia
sinensis
Theaceae
Tea Plant
Thea viridis, Thea bohea
India, China, East Asia
Planting and care
To sow Camellia sinensis, start by soaking fresh seeds in water for 24 hours. Discard any that float, as they are less likely to germinate. Plant the seeds that have developed a crack in their shell after soaking. Sow them horizontally, burying them 2 to 3 cm deep in a light, well-draining, and acidic substrate, composed of ericaceous compost and sand. The ideal temperature for germination is between 20 and 25°C, and the soil should be kept moist but not waterlogged. Place the seedlings in partial shade, under 80% shade cover. Germination typically occurs within one to two months. Once the seedlings have developed three to four leaves, gradually expose them to more intense light, reducing the shade to 30-40%. Apply a small amount of slow-release fertiliser, suitable for acid-loving plants, to encourage their growth.
Once the young plants are sufficiently developed, they should be transplanted into individual pots before being planted out in the ground or containers, in a location sheltered from wind and harsh sunlight.
Sowing period
Intended location
Planting & care advice
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Hardiness is the lowest winter temperature a plant can endure without suffering serious damage or even dying. However, hardiness is affected by location (a sheltered area, such as a patio), protection (winter cover) and soil type (hardiness is improved by well-drained soil).
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In temperate climates, pruning of spring-flowering shrubs (forsythia, spireas, etc.) should be done just after flowering.
Pruning of summer-flowering shrubs (Indian Lilac, Perovskia, etc.) can be done in winter or spring.
In cold regions as well as with frost-sensitive plants, avoid pruning too early when severe frosts may still occur.
The harvesting period indicated on our website applies to countries and regions in USDA zone 8 (France, England, Ireland, the Netherlands).
In colder areas (Scandinavia, Poland, Austria...) fruit and vegetable harvests are likely to be delayed by 3-4 weeks.
In warmer areas (Italy, Spain, Greece, etc.), harvesting will probably take place earlier, depending on weather conditions.
The sowing periods indicated on our website apply to countries and regions within USDA Zone 8 (France, UK, Ireland, Netherlands).
In colder areas (Scandinavia, Poland, Austria...), delay any outdoor sowing by 3-4 weeks, or sow under glass.
In warmer climes (Italy, Spain, Greece, etc.), bring outdoor sowing forward by a few weeks.
The planting period indicated on our website applies to regions in USDA Zone 9a (East Coast and Midlands: Dublin, Wexford, Waterford, Kilkenny, Portlaoise). It will vary depending on where you live:
- On the west coast and in the north-west (Galway, Limerick, Sligo, Donegal, Westport), delay planting by 1 to 2 weeks in spring and bring it forward by 1 to 2 weeks in autumn compared to the dates given, preferably choosing periods without strong winds.
- In the inland hills and plateaus (Wicklow Mountains, Macgillycuddy’s Reeks, Connemara, Killarney), it is best to plant in spring (April–May) or autumn (September–October), avoiding periods of waterlogged soil in winter and strong winds, which pose the main risk to newly planted trees in these areas.
The flowering period indicated on our website applies to regions in USDA Zone 9a, such as the East Coast and Midlands, including Dublin, Wexford, Waterford, Kilkenny and Portlaoise.
This will vary depending on where you live:
- On the west coast and in the northwest (Galway, Limerick, Sligo, Donegal and Westport), it will be delayed by one to two weeks compared to the given dates, due to stronger Atlantic winds and less spring sunshine.
- In the inland hills and plateaus (the Wicklow Mountains, the Macgillycuddy's Reeks, Connemara and Killarney), flowering will be delayed by two to three weeks. Flowering mainly occurs between May and July, with the limiting factors being less frost and more of the excessive humidity, strong winds and lack of sunshine that are characteristic of these areas.