Camellia japonica Satsuma
Camellia japonica Satsuma
Camellia japonica 'Satsuma'
Japanese Camellia, Rose of winter
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Description
Camellia ‘Satsuma’, or Japanese Camellia ‘Satsuma’, displays very double, pure white flowers that bloom between January and April, depending on the climate and growing conditions. It is a beautiful evergreen shrub with a bushy habit and regular growth. Plant in an acidic soil bed, in a large pot on a sheltered terrace, or as a solitary specimen in a sheltered, partially shaded spot in the garden. Because it can flower quite late in the season, its flowers are less susceptible to frosts.
Camellia japonica belongs to the Theaceae family; the species, once known as Thea japonica and Camellia theifera var. japonica, originates from the mountainous forests and humid edges of Japan, Korea, and the Ryūkyū Islands.
The cultivar ‘Satsuma’ takes its name from the former Japanese fief of Satsuma (present-day Kagoshima Prefecture), the cradle of many horticultural selections of camellias. This Japanese selection was obtained by the Kagoshima Biological Hobby Society and registered in 1979.
The shrub has an upright, bushy habit. In the ground, it reaches 2 to 3 m in height with a spread of 1.50 to 2 m; at 10 years old, ‘Satsuma’ reaches about 1.20 m in height with a spread of 1 m; in a container, it remains more compact. Its evergreen foliage is leathery with a glossy dark green colour; its leaves are ovate to elliptical, finely toothed, 6 to 10 cm long.
Flowering occurs from January to March/April in the form of solitary flowers produced on the previous year's wood. The corollas measure 9 to 12 cm in diameter; they are very double, white, and imbricate. The flower buds can be damaged by brief frosts followed by rapid thawing. Hardiness: around −12 to −15 °C in well-drained soil and in a sheltered location.
Plant camellia ‘Satsuma’ against a wall for shelter from the wind, in partial shade. In very cold regions, grow it in a large container, sheltered in winter in a cool, bright room or in a conservatory. This bush will create a focal point near a path, at the edge of a light woodland, or in a bright shade bed. You can pair it with shrubs of similar size, such as Osmanthus heterophyllus ‘Tricolor’ or ‘Purpureus’ and Hydrangea macrophylla, which will take over in summer. Also combine it with camellias that flower earlier or have a different colour: Camellia sasanqua ‘Setsugekka’ (autumn flowering), Camellia japonica ‘Nuccio’s Cameo’ (pink, mid-season) and Camellia japonica ‘Satsuma-kurenai’ (red, late season).
Camellia japonica Satsuma in pictures
Plant habit
Flowering
Foliage
Botanical data
Camellia
japonica
'Satsuma'
Theaceae
Japanese Camellia, Rose of winter
Cultivar or hybrid
Planting and care
Camellia 'Satsuma' can be placed in a fairly shaded spot, sheltered from cold, drying winds. However, you can grow it a little more in the sun in less bright climates, but the root must remain cool. Plant it in moist, humus-bearing, acidic, and well-drained soil. Do not plant the shrub too deeply; the top of the root ball should be covered by 3 cm. In winter, cover it with a 5 to 7 cm thick mulch formed of leaf mould and shredded bark. Beware of late frosts, which can damage the flowers and buds. During dry periods, water the bush with non-calcareous water to prevent the flower buds from dropping.
Planting period
Intended location
Care
Planting & care advice
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Hardiness is the lowest winter temperature a plant can endure without suffering serious damage or even dying. However, hardiness is affected by location (a sheltered area, such as a patio), protection (winter cover) and soil type (hardiness is improved by well-drained soil).
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The flowering period indicated on our website applies to countries and regions located in USDA zone 8 (France, the United Kingdom, Ireland, the Netherlands, etc.)
It will vary according to where you live:
- In zones 9 to 10 (Italy, Spain, Greece, etc.), flowering will occur about 2 to 4 weeks earlier.
- In zones 6 to 7 (Germany, Poland, Slovenia, and lower mountainous regions), flowering will be delayed by 2 to 3 weeks.
- In zone 5 (Central Europe, Scandinavia), blooming will be delayed by 3 to 5 weeks.
In temperate climates, pruning of spring-flowering shrubs (forsythia, spireas, etc.) should be done just after flowering.
Pruning of summer-flowering shrubs (Indian Lilac, Perovskia, etc.) can be done in winter or spring.
In cold regions as well as with frost-sensitive plants, avoid pruning too early when severe frosts may still occur.
The planting period indicated on our website applies to countries and regions located in USDA zone 8 (France, United Kingdom, Ireland, Netherlands).
It will vary according to where you live:
- In Mediterranean zones (Marseille, Madrid, Milan, etc.), autumn and winter are the best planting periods.
- In continental zones (Strasbourg, Munich, Vienna, etc.), delay planting by 2 to 3 weeks in spring and bring it forward by 2 to 4 weeks in autumn.
- In mountainous regions (the Alps, Pyrenees, Carpathians, etc.), it is best to plant in late spring (May-June) or late summer (August-September).
The harvesting period indicated on our website applies to countries and regions in USDA zone 8 (France, England, Ireland, the Netherlands).
In colder areas (Scandinavia, Poland, Austria...) fruit and vegetable harvests are likely to be delayed by 3-4 weeks.
In warmer areas (Italy, Spain, Greece, etc.), harvesting will probably take place earlier, depending on weather conditions.
The sowing periods indicated on our website apply to countries and regions within USDA Zone 8 (France, UK, Ireland, Netherlands).
In colder areas (Scandinavia, Poland, Austria...), delay any outdoor sowing by 3-4 weeks, or sow under glass.
In warmer climes (Italy, Spain, Greece, etc.), bring outdoor sowing forward by a few weeks.