Anthurium - Flamingo Flower: Growing and Caring

Botany and description

The Anthurium belongs to the large Araceae family, which includes many tropical plants with decorative foliage and unusual flowers. The genus name Anthurium originates from ancient Greek, combining the words anthos meaning “flower” and oura meaning “tail”, a direct reference to the characteristic shape of its inflorescences, where the elongated spadix resembles a tail surrounded by a colourful spathe. In French, this houseplant is often called Langue de feu (Flamingo tongue) or Fleur de flamant rose (Flamingo flower), evocative names that perfectly reflect the brilliance of its vibrant colours and exotic appearance. It is less commonly referred to in literature by the nickname: anthure.

In its natural habitat, Anthurium thrives in the humid tropical forests of Central and South America, particularly in Colombia and Ecuador. It grows sheltered by large trees, benefiting from filtered light and constant humidity. This adaptation to shady and humid conditions explains why Anthurium has become such a popular houseplant. Its glossy foliage and spectacular inflorescences bring a touch of exoticism and lasting colour to our interiors, while requiring relatively little maintenance. Its natural elegance and ability to flower year-round make it a must-have for lovers of decorative plants.

Good to know: Anthurium is recognised for its air-purifying properties, capable of absorbing harmful substances like ammonia, xylene and formaldehyde present in indoor air.

A vast botanical genus with interesting varieties

Among the numerous Anthurium species – over 1,000 exist in the wild – some stand out particularly for their popularity and ease of cultivation indoors. Anthurium andraeanum is undoubtedly the most iconic. Native to Colombia and Ecuador, it charms with its glossy spathe, often bright red, pink or white, surrounding a yellow or cream spadix. This species has inspired many decorative cultivars.

Another highly appreciated species, Anthurium scherzerianum is distinguished by its spirally curved spadix, a unique feature that gives it special charm. Its spathes are typically red, but varieties with orange or white hues also exist.

For lovers of more graphic foliage, Anthurium clarinervium and Anthurium crystallinum are essential species. They are prized for their large heart-shaped leaves, of deep green with striking white veins, offering spectacular contrast.

Left, flowering of Anthurium andraeanum and foliage of Anthurium clarinervium. Right, Anthurium scherzerianum

The numerous cultivars resulting from cross-breeding between species now offer a wide range of colours and forms. Among the most popular are varieties from the ‘Champion’ series, renowned for their glossy spathes in red, pink or white hues, or the ‘Dakota’ series, which offers darker tones ranging from deep burgundy to purple. Varieties like ‘Livium’ or ‘Sierra’ provide softer shades, in pastel pink or cream white variations.

Anthurium flowers come in many colours, from white to purple

Description

Anthurium has an elegant, often compact habit, though some species may develop a more spreading form. Its short, sturdy stems bear leaves that rise or spread, giving the plant a dense yet graceful silhouette. Some species develop a more trailing habit, particularly among epiphytic varieties that naturally cling to tree branches.

Its root system is both dense and vigorous. It consists of thick, fleshy roots that allow the plant to store water and nutrients, an essential advantage for survival in tropical forests where it often grows as an epiphyte or semi-epiphyte. Aerial roots also emerge from the base of the plant, seeking ambient humidity and contributing to anchoring and nutrient absorption.

Anthurium’s foliage is one of its greatest assets. Its leaves are generally broad, leathery and glossy, with varied shapes depending on the species. In Anthurium andraeanum, they are often heart-shaped with a smooth, satiny surface. Species like Anthurium clarinervium or crystallinum reveal thicker, velvety leaves of deep green, enhanced by striking white veins. This evergreen foliage gives the plant decorative appeal even outside flowering periods.

Anthurium crystallinum

Anthurium’s flowering is as spectacular as it is long-lasting. Its “flower” is actually a spathe, a large coloured bract surrounding a spadix, long and cylindrical, where the tiny true flowers are located. The spathes come in a range of vibrant colours: red, pink, white, green, purple and even bicoloured depending on the cultivar. Flowering can last several weeks, typically between 8 and 12 weeks, and the plant can rebloom several times a year if growing conditions are favourable.

Warning!! Anthurium sap contains calcium oxalate crystals which may cause skin irritation or reactions in sensitive individuals. When handling the plant, particularly during repotting or pruning, wearing gloves is advised to avoid contact with the sap.

Growing Anthurium

Exposure

Anthuriums thrive in bright, indirect light. Direct sunlight can scorch their leaves, while insufficient light reduces flowering. Place it near an east or west-facing window, shielded from direct sun rays.

The ideal temperature range for Anthuriums is between 18 and 25°C.

Pot Type

Use a pot with drainage holes to prevent waterlogging.

Growing Medium

Anthuriums prefer a light, airy, and well-draining substrate. An ideal mix would be: 1/3 tropical plant compost, 1/3 pine or coconut bark, and 1/3 perlite or sphagnum moss to retain moisture without excess.

Repotting

Repot every 2 to 3 years, preferably in spring. When roots start emerging from drainage holes or become crowded, it’s time to move to a slightly larger pot.

Watering

Water moderately, about once a week in summer and every 10 to 15 days in winter. Allow the top 2-3 cm of the substrate to dry out between waterings. Use room-temperature, low-lime water if possible.

Anthuriums also appreciate ambient humidity: mist their leaves 2 to 3 times a week, especially in summer or in winter if the air is dry. Alternatively, place them near a humidifier for optimal growth.

Fertilising

Apply liquid fertiliser for flowering plants every 4 to 6 weeks in spring and summer. Opt for a phosphorus-rich fertiliser to encourage flowering. Stop fertilising in autumn and winter.

Pruning

Regularly remove yellowed or damaged leaves and spent flowers by cutting at the base of the stem. This stimulates new leaf and flower growth.

Possible diseases and parasitic issues in Anthurium

The Anthurium is generally robust, but it can be susceptible to certain diseases and parasitic attacks, especially if growing conditions are not ideal.

Common Diseases

• Root rot: This is one of the most frequent issues, often caused by overwatering or poorly draining soil. The roots turn black and soft, and the plant shows signs of decline (yellowed, limp leaves). It is important to reduce watering and repot the plant in a more porous substrate.
• Leaf spots (fungal and bacterial): Brown or yellow spots on the leaves may indicate a fungal or bacterial infection. Excessive humidity and poor air circulation encourage these diseases. Remove affected leaves and avoid misting the foliage directly. A fungicidal treatment may be necessary.
• Anthracnose: This fungal disease causes dark spots and necrotic edges on the leaves. It thrives in excessive humidity. Remove infected parts and apply a suitable fungicide.

Common Parasites

• Mealybugs: They appear as small white cottony masses or brown shield-like scales clinging to stems and the undersides of leaves. They suck the sap from the plant, leading to general weakening. Treatment with black soap works well.
• Aphids: Less common but possible, especially in warm weather. These small green or black insects colonise young shoots. They can be easily treated with soapy water sprays.
• Spider mites: These tiny mites attack leaves, forming fine webs. They cause discoloured patches and leaf desiccation. They thrive in dry air. Increasing ambient humidity and misting the foliage can deter them. In case of infestation, a natural acaricide may be used.
• Thrips: These slender insects can distort leaves and leave silvery marks. They can be controlled with suitable insecticidal treatments or natural solutions like neem oil.

Prevention

• Maintain balanced watering—neither too dry nor too wet.
• Ensure good air circulation around the plant.
• Regularly wipe leaves with a damp cloth to prevent dust buildup and discourage parasites.
• Quarantine any new plant before adding it to the collection to avoid spreading parasites.

→ Read also: Anthurium Diseases and Parasites: Identify, Treat, and Prevent.

How to propagate an Anthurium?

Propagating Anthurium is fairly straightforward and is mainly done by dividing clumps or by taking stem cuttings. Here are the detailed steps to succeed in this operation:

By dividing clumps (the simplest method)

• Choose the right time: the best time to divide an Anthurium is in spring or early summer, when the plant resumes its growth.
• Remove the plant from its pot: gently take the plant out of its pot while holding the base of the foliage. If the roots are too tight, lightly tap the sides of the pot to ease removal.
• Untangle the roots: carefully remove excess substrate around the roots and separate the different shoots. Anthurium naturally forms several offshoots or small shoots at the base. Simply separate these young plants with care.
• Make clean cuts: if the clumps are too tangled, use clean and disinfected pruning shears to cut the roots, ensuring each division has healthy roots and a few leaves.
• Repot the divisions: plant each division in a suitable pot filled with a light and well-draining substrate (tropical plant compost, pine bark, perlite).
• Water lightly: water moderately to moisten the substrate without soaking the soil. Then place the young plants in a bright spot, but out of direct sunlight.

By stem cuttings (slower, but possible)

• Take a stem cutting: cut a healthy stem with at least one node (the area where roots and leaves emerge).
• Plant in moist substrate: place the cutting in a light mix (sphagnum moss alone or a compost/perlite blend). You can also try propagation by cuttings in water, by submerging the base of the stem in a glass of clear water.
• Create a humid environment: cover the cutting with a clear plastic bag or place it under a mini greenhouse to maintain high humidity, ensuring condensation doesn’t touch the stem.
• Wait for rooting: place the cutting in a bright and warm location (20-25°C). The first roots usually appear after 3 to 6 weeks.
• Repot: once the roots are well-developed, you can transplant the cutting into a pot with suitable substrate.

How to best showcase an Anthurium?

Anthurium, with its glossy foliage and vibrant flowers, is an elegant yet modern plant that adapts to various interior styles. Its graphic silhouette and bright colours make it a true decorative asset!

In which type of interior does Anthurium thrive?

• Modern and minimalist interiors: Its clean lines and bold colours (red, pink, white, green) add a touch of vitality without overwhelming the space. It contrasts beautifully with white walls and raw materials like concrete or light wood.
• Tropical or bohemian settings: Paired with other green plants (Monstera, Pilea, Ficus…), Anthurium enhances an urban jungle atmosphere. Its flowers add colour amidst lush foliage.
• Glamorous or sophisticated décor: With its glossy flowers and shiny leaves, it fits perfectly in chic interiors featuring gold accents, marble, or deep hues like navy blue or emerald green.
• Zen and pared-down spaces: In a simple setting, Anthurium becomes a focal point thanks to its elegant shape and colours. Ideal for a relaxing and wellness-inspired ambiance.

Perfectly harmonious in its pot with wallpaper or in understated décor, Anthurium will find its place anywhere

Which pot style best showcases it?

• Smooth, glossy ceramic pots: A white, black, or pastel pot highlights Anthurium’s natural elegance and accentuates its vibrant colours. This choice is perfect for a modern, minimalist interior.
• Natural-material planters: Wicker, rattan, or raw terracotta enhance a natural, bohemian vibe. This creates a pleasant contrast with the plant’s shine.
• Metallic pots (gold, copper, brass): Ideal for chic, refined décor, metal adds sophistication and brings out the deep green of the foliage.
• Geometric or designer pots: Original shapes or graphic patterns emphasise the plant’s contemporary edge, perfect for bolder interiors.
• Hanging or elevated pots: Placing Anthurium at height, on a stand or in a hanging planter, draws attention to its flowering and adds lightness to the décor.

Styling tips

• Pair it with mirrors or reflective surfaces to amplify the shine of its leaves.
• Create contrast by placing it against a dark wall (anthracite grey, deep blue) to make its colours pop.
• Combine it with other plants featuring textured foliage to play with shape contrasts.