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Malus domestica Red Dwarf

Malus domestica Red Dwarf
Apple, Orchard Apple

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More information

A hardy variety with a very compact habit, which can be grown both in a pot on a terrace and in the ground in the garden. In April, this dwarf Apple tree produces a beautiful light pink flowering, which in September will give delicious and appetizing red fruits, to be enjoyed raw or cooked. Its low height (1m (3ft) to 1.50m (5ft)) is ideal for small gardens where space is limited. Hardy, this miniature tree prefers to grow in full sun and accepts most soils that are not too dry. Regular watering, especially in a pot, and annual pruning will allow you to make the most of its advantages.
Flavour
Sugary
Height at maturity
1.50 m
Spread at maturity
1 m
Exposure
Sun
Best planting time March, October to November
Recommended planting time January to April, September to December
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Flowering time April to May
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Harvest time September
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Description

The 'Red Dwarf' Dwarf Apple Tree immediately announces its color. It is a dwarf variety that generally does not exceed 1.50m (5ft) in height and produces bright red fruits. Its compact and spreading habit gives it a balanced silhouette and allows it to be planted in any garden, no matter how small, and even on a terrace. Self-fertile, its decorative spring flowering turns into fruits ready to be harvested from September. They can be consumed fresh, cooked or as juice. A hardy variety, to be planted in sunny exposure, or possibly in partial shade in hot climates, and to be watered regularly during the summer.

The Domestic Apple Tree (Malus domestica) belongs to the very important Rosaceae family, which hosts many of our temperate climate fruit trees (Pear, Peach, Plum, Strawberry...), many ornamental species (Rose of course, but also Amelanchier or Pyracantha) and wild plants from our countryside. The Apple Tree itself is a plant of high economic importance, with nearly 20,000 varieties cultivated in many countries in both hemispheres of our planet.
'Red Dwarf' belongs to the small group of dwarf varieties, which can be grown both in the ground and in a pot or container on a terrace or balcony. With a relatively slow growth, this spreading dwarf apple tree reaches a maximum height of 1.50m (5ft) and sometimes even less, limiting itself to around 1m (3ft)! Its homogeneous and dense vegetation is composed of medium green leaves, ovate to ovoid in shape, with finely toothed leaf margins. Their slightly shiny surface gives them a certain aesthetic, especially in the rain. In spring, it produces pretty single flowers, light pink in colour, which give it a certain romantic charm. Melliferous, they provide bees with nectar. As a self-fertile variety, the flowers are pollinated with each other without needing another apple tree nearby. However, cross-pollination is often beneficial, ensuring a very good fruit set... The fertilized flowers develop into beautiful red fruits, which ripen from September and can be harvested until October depending on the climatic zones. Visually attractive with their uniform red skin, the apples are sweet and slightly acidic, aromatic and crunchy. Delicious eaten raw, they can also be used in cooking to make pies or other desserts, or even fruit juice.
While its size is limited, the hardiness of this Apple Tree is much less so, as it is capable of withstanding temperatures as low as -23°C (-9.4°F). However, it should be kept in mind that a potted plant is more exposed than one in the ground, as the roots do not benefit from the thermal inertia of the surrounding soil. In a pot, the cold attacks from all sides and therefore becomes more dangerous. In regions with harsh winters, it is therefore preferable to move the pot to a sheltered corner, for example. Sunny exposure suits it perfectly, possibly partially shaded in hot summers.

 

The 'Red Dwarf' Apple Tree is interesting for small gardens, but especially for living spaces such as balconies, terraces and patios. With this type of dwarf fruit trees, there is no need to have a large plot of land to enjoy delicious fruits. It is possible to create a mini orchard to enjoy your own pears, peaches or cherries. Thus, the Dwarf Peach Tree Fruit Me Peach Me Red, which is also self-fertile and quick to bear fruit, will give you delicious yellow-fleshed peaches in summer, and will also reward you with a beautiful pink flowering in spring. The Dwarf Cherry Tree 'Cherry Baby' produces white flowers in March-April, which then develop into beautiful, sweet and tangy bright red cherries. In addition to these fruit trees, also consider adopting some aromatic plants that will accompany your dishes in the kitchen...

Plant habit

Height at maturity 1.50 m
Spread at maturity 1 m
Growth rate slow

Fruit

Fruit colour red
Fruit diameter 7 cm
Flavour Sugary
Use Table, Compote, Patisserie
Harvest time September

Flowering

Flower colour pink
Flowering time April to May
Inflorescence Solitary
Flower size 3 cm
Bee-friendly Attracts pollinators

Foliage

Foliage persistence Deciduous
Foliage colour medium green

Botanical data

Genus

Malus

Species

domestica

Cultivar

Red Dwarf

Family

Rosaceae

Other common names

Apple, Orchard Apple

Origin

Cultivar or hybrid

Planting and care

Choose a well-sunlit location for your 'Red Dwarf' dwarf apple tree. The soil can be slightly chalky or acidic, but not excessively so. Dig a large planting hole at least 3 times the size of the root ball. Simultaneously add organic matter (potting soil, compost...) and a basal fertilizer such as crushed horn. Do not bury the graft collar and stake if necessary. Soak the root ball in a bucket of water for fifteen minutes before planting. Then water generously, even in winter and even if it rains. Fruit trees are ideally planted between October and March, outside the frost period. Container-grown plants can be planted all year round, except during periods of high heat or frost.

The advantage of dwarf fruit trees is that they can be planted in containers or pots for outdoor use. Choose a container of at least 60 L. Make sure the container has drainage holes and provide good drainage by filling the bottom with a thick layer of clay pellets or gravel. In pots, your trees will naturally require more regular watering. In winter, move your fruit trees to a sheltered location and stop watering during frost periods. Every two years, at least, remove the top layer of soil and replace it with fresh potting soil. Fertilize before flowering, using a special fertilizer that is not too rich in nitrogen, but rather high in potassium to promote fruiting.

In winter, at the base of the tree and lightly incorporated into the soil surface, you can add a small handful of wood ash, which is rich in potash, to improve fruiting. Apple trees can be subject to various diseases and pests. To limit risks, space the trees sufficiently apart, plant multi-species hedges, birdhouses or insect hotels to attract beneficial insects. In summary, prioritize diversity.
The main diseases of apple trees are scab (brown spots on leaves), brown rot (wilting of flowers and rotting of fruit on the tree), and powdery mildew (white powdery coating on leaves). For these three cases, preventive action is preferred by spraying a decoction of horsetail. As a last resort and in case of severe infestation, you can apply a treatment based on Bordeaux mixture. As for pests, the codling moth (or fruit worm) is a small caterpillar that burrows inside the fruit after being laid by a moth. To remedy this, it is preferable to act preventively by promoting the presence of great tits and bats through the installation of nest boxes. In case of aphid infestation, spray a solution based on black soap.

During the harvest in September, only keep the picked fruits. For proper storage, it is advisable to place the apple with its stem downwards, on racks or in crates. Choose a preferably completely dark, dry and cool place, but frost-free.

Planting period

Best planting time March, October to November
Recommended planting time January to April, September to December

Intended location

Suitable for Meadow
Type of use Border, Container, Vegetable garden, Orchard
Hardiness Hardy down to -23°C (USDA zone 6a) Show map
Ease of cultivation Amateur
Planting density 1 per m2
Exposure Sun
Soil pH Any
Soil type Clayey-chalky (heavy and alkaline), Silty-loamy (rich and light), Fertile, well-drained

Care

Pruning instructions The pruning of your apple tree can be limited to a simple thinning of dead or obstructive branches at the end of winter, in March. During the first 3 or 4 years, you can also encourage the formation of 4 or 5 main branches, resulting in a goblet-shaped habit, which is traditional in fruit tree cultivation. In any case, make sure to leave some spaces in the tree's structure for good air circulation and light. Don't hesitate to thin out fruit clusters in June. Removing some fruits relieves fragile branches and helps achieve a better size.
Pruning Pruning recommended once a year
Pruning time February to March, November
Soil moisture Tolerant
Disease resistance Good
Overwinter Can be left in the ground

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