Large Red Cabbage - Brassica oleracea capitata
Large Red Cabbage - Brassica oleracea capitata
Large Red Cabbage - Brassica oleracea capitata
Brassica oleracea var. capitata f. rubra Rouge Gros
Cabbage
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Description
Brassica oleracea capitata Large Red is a cabbage that forms large, tightly packed round heads composed of very dark red leaves. It can be harvested as early as the end of summer. Sow the seeds from February to June for a harvest from July to December.
The drumhead cabbage is a very popular leafy vegetable, with a delicious flavour and generous-sized heads.
This beautiful vegetable plant belongs to the large Brassicaceae family. Native to Europe, it is a biennial plant cultivated as an annual that produces a tightly packed head, which can be round, slightly flattened, or distinctly conical in pointed varieties. The leaves are smooth and their colour varies depending on the variety: from very light green, almost white to dark green, sometimes slightly bluish, to violet-tinted red or almost black.
Although emblematic of winter, the seeds can be sown and harvested almost all year round. The varieties are generally grouped into three main categories: spring cabbages, which are harvested from late April to June, summer and autumn cabbages for the period from July, and winter cabbages that are harvested in spring, along with leeks and parsnips.
It can be consumed both raw and cooked. Grate it in salads, braise it to accompany meat and fish dishes, stuff it, or even use it in soups and Sauerkraut. There is no shortage of recipes, both in traditional and modern cuisine.
From a dietary point of view, it is remarkable. Its energy value is low, but it is very rich in vitamins C, B6, and B9. It also contains a lot of fibre and minerals such as calcium.
It is easy to grow in deep soil. It needs excellent fertilisation, and regular moisture. It thrives in the sun and generally does well in cool and rainy climates.
Harvest: the cabbage is ready when it forms a nice head. Harvest before the leaves start to turn yellow. Simply cut with a knife, just below the head.
Storage: it can be kept for several days in the refrigerator. It can also be frozen after being blanched in salted boiling water. Winter varieties can also be left standing. Finally, the preparation of Sauerkraut (lacto-fermentation) means you can preserve white-headed autumn varieties.
Gardener's tip: don't forget the flowers! Flowers will help to repel pests and attract valuable pollinators. Include flowering plants such as gaillardias, marigolds, zinnias, cosmos, and nasturtiums with your vegetables. You can even include beautiful herbs like dill in the middle of the vegetable rows or on the edge of the bed. However, be wary of certain plants, like borage, which tend to self-seed abundantly in areas dedicated to cultivation.
NB: This variety is labelled F1 for "F1 hybrid" because it is a variety resulting from the cross-breeding of carefully selected parents to combine their qualities. This results in a variety that can be particularly tasty and/or early, while being resistant to certain diseases. Sometimes criticised or wrongly associated with GMOs, F1 hybrid seeds are valued for their uniformity and their resistance. Unfortunately, their qualities are not passed on to subsequent generations. It will therefore not be possible to save the seeds for later sowing.
Harvest
Plant habit
Foliage
Botanical data
Brassica
oleracea var. capitata f. rubra
Rouge Gros
Brassicaceae
Cabbage
Cultivar or hybrid
Annual
Planting and care
Sowing
The germination temperature is around 15°C (59°F) (minimum 10°C (50°F), maximum 30°C (86°F)). Germination takes 5 to 14 days.
Sow from February to June for a harvest from July to December.
You can proceed with direct sowing or prepare seedlings that will then be planted in the garden in their final position.
Preparing seedlings
Sow under shelter from late autumn to late winter, or in a nursery in the garden for the rest of the year (depending on the recommended sowing period). Sow the seeds at a depth of 1 to 2cm (1in) in good seed compost or fine soil. Cover lightly with compost. Keep the substrate moist but not waterlogged.
When the young plants appear strong enough to handle, transplant them into pots, if necessary, before transplanting them to the garden when there is no longer any risk of frost. When planting, respect the recommended spacing for direct sowing.
Direct sowing
In properly amended and finely worked soil, make furrows about 1cm deep, spaced 60cm (24in) apart. Sow the seeds and cover them with a thin layer of fine soil. When the seedlings are developed, thin them out, leaving one plant every 60cm (24in) or so.
Cultivation
Grow in full sun. It is a demanding vegetable that requires fertilised soil that is rich in nitrogen and potash. In autumn, apply well-rotted compost (approximately 3 kg per m²) by raking it into the soil to a depth of 5cm (2in), after having loosened the soil. Soil pH should be between 5.6 and 6.5. In acidic soil, gradually raise the pH by adding calcium in the form of dolomite or lime.
It is beneficial to associate it with other plants, such as tomatoes and lettuce. However, avoid planting it near other brassicas, courgettes, fennel, lamb's lettuce, leeks, and strawberries.
Beware of pests such as cabbage white butterflies or flea beetles and consider installing insect nets. Cabbage is generally quite susceptible to diseases such as clubroot, so it is important to rotate crops.
Seedlings
Care
Intended location
Planting & care advice
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Hardiness is the lowest winter temperature a plant can endure without suffering serious damage or even dying. However, hardiness is affected by location (a sheltered area, such as a patio), protection (winter cover) and soil type (hardiness is improved by well-drained soil).
In temperate climates, pruning of spring-flowering shrubs (forsythia, spireas, etc.) should be done just after flowering.
Pruning of summer-flowering shrubs (Indian Lilac, Perovskia, etc.) can be done in winter or spring.
In cold regions as well as with frost-sensitive plants, avoid pruning too early when severe frosts may still occur.
The harvesting period indicated on our website applies to countries and regions in USDA zone 8 (France, England, Ireland, the Netherlands).
In colder areas (Scandinavia, Poland, Austria...) fruit and vegetable harvests are likely to be delayed by 3-4 weeks.
In warmer areas (Italy, Spain, Greece, etc.), harvesting will probably take place earlier, depending on weather conditions.
The sowing periods indicated on our website apply to countries and regions within USDA Zone 8 (France, UK, Ireland, Netherlands).
In colder areas (Scandinavia, Poland, Austria...), delay any outdoor sowing by 3-4 weeks, or sow under glass.
In warmer climes (Italy, Spain, Greece, etc.), bring outdoor sowing forward by a few weeks.
The planting period indicated on our website applies to regions in USDA Zone 9a (East Coast and Midlands: Dublin, Wexford, Waterford, Kilkenny, Portlaoise). It will vary depending on where you live:
- On the west coast and in the north-west (Galway, Limerick, Sligo, Donegal, Westport), delay planting by 1 to 2 weeks in spring and bring it forward by 1 to 2 weeks in autumn compared to the dates given, preferably choosing periods without strong winds.
- In the inland hills and plateaus (Wicklow Mountains, Macgillycuddy’s Reeks, Connemara, Killarney), it is best to plant in spring (April–May) or autumn (September–October), avoiding periods of waterlogged soil in winter and strong winds, which pose the main risk to newly planted trees in these areas.
The flowering period indicated on our website applies to regions in USDA Zone 9a, such as the East Coast and Midlands, including Dublin, Wexford, Waterford, Kilkenny and Portlaoise.
This will vary depending on where you live:
- On the west coast and in the northwest (Galway, Limerick, Sligo, Donegal and Westport), it will be delayed by one to two weeks compared to the given dates, due to stronger Atlantic winds and less spring sunshine.
- In the inland hills and plateaus (the Wicklow Mountains, the Macgillycuddy's Reeks, Connemara and Killarney), flowering will be delayed by two to three weeks. Flowering mainly occurs between May and July, with the limiting factors being less frost and more of the excessive humidity, strong winds and lack of sunshine that are characteristic of these areas.
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