Linaria maroccana Licilia Azure
Linaria maroccana Licilia Azure
Linaria maroccana Licilia Azure
Linaria maroccana Licilia Azure
Moroccan Toadflax, Spurred Snapdragon
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Description
Linaria maroccana 'Licilia Azure' is a delightful variety of Moroccan Toadflax, one of the prettiest annual plants for the garden, with its exceptionally light and vibrant flowering. It grows very quickly and can bloom 6 weeks after sowing. Its flowers, clustered on long slender stems, resemble snapdragons but are smaller, thinner, and have long spurs, giving them a delicate appearance. This flowering, ranging from light blue to indigo, lasts throughout the summer in sunny and well-drained soil. Moroccan Toadflax is also great for creating lovely pot displays and poetic bouquets.
Linaria maroccana is an annual herbaceous plant in the family Scrophulariaceae, or Plantaginaceae according to another classification. It is native to Morocco but has naturalized in the southeastern United States, particularly in California. This species thrives in sunny, hot climates and well-drained rocky or sandy soils.
The 'Licilia Azure' cultivar, is a particularly floriferous and easy-to-grow horticultural hybrid. The plant quickly forms a clump 50 to 60cm (20 to 24in) tall and 20cm (8in) wide, composed of branched stems with very thin, 3-4cm (1-2in) long green leaves. In cooler climates, flowering occurs from June to September, sometimes earlier if sown under heated cover in March. In mild climates, seedlings grow in autumn and bloom in April, with flowering being halted by summer drought. Like Damask Nigella, this toadflax adjusts its growth cycle according to the climate. The small two-lipped flowers are tightly packed on long terminal spikes tinged with purple. They are highly attractive to pollinating insects. Annual toadflaxes readily self-seed in light soils but not always true to the parent plant.
Much less known and used in our gardens than nigellas, cosmos, or even their cousins the snapdragons, Moroccan toadflaxes are equally easy to cultivate and their airy, varied-coloured blooms are enchanting. They are accessible plants for all gardeners, easy to incorporate into borders, flower beds, or rockeries. 'Licilia Azure', with its beautiful blue flowering, pairs well with other varieties from the Licilia series such as 'Peach' or 'Violet', or those from the Northern Light series, with flowers displaying a wide range of gentle colours. These plants are perfect for wild gardens or cottage gardens, but also very useful for quickly filling flower pots. For example, combine them with Damask Nigellas, Gilia capitata, cosmos, or annual poppies. Their airy spikes are beautifully showcased when emerging among bushy perennials (fennel, Senecio vira-vira, asters), groundcovers (Cerastium tomentosum, wall bellflowers, Aubrietias), or understorey shrubs with subtle colours (mugworts, Euphorbias, lavenders, thymes)...
Linaria maroccana Licilia Azure in pictures
Flowering
Foliage
Plant habit
Botanical data
Linaria
maroccana
Licilia Azure
Scrophulariaceae
Moroccan Toadflax, Spurred Snapdragon
North Africa
Planting and care
Sow Moroccan toadflax from January to March on the surface of a well-drained seed compost. Do not cover the seeds. Place in a mini greenhouse or a terrine enclosed in a plastic bag, which you should keep at 20-25°C (68-77°F) until germination, which usually takes 10 to 21 days. Light facilitates germination. Transplant the seedlings when they are large enough to handle, into 8cm (3in) pots or trays. Gradually acclimatize the plants to cooler conditions for a few weeks before planting them outdoors, after all risk of frost, with a spacing of 23 to 30cm (9 to 12in) between each plant.
Alternatively, you can sow directly in the ground in spring, as soon as the risk of frost has passed, or in early autumn in mild climates. The soil should be cleared of all weeds, well prepared, and possibly lightened with coarse sand and leaf compost. As the seeds are very fine, it may be useful to mix them thoroughly with dry sand before sowing, as this trick makes it easier to scatter the seeds over the desired area. Thin out the seedlings if necessary. Keep one plant every 20cm (8in).
Moroccan toadflax (Linaria maroccana) and its hybrids thrive in well-drained, sandy or gravelly soils, kept moist throughout the flowering period, and in full sun. Depending on your climate, these plants will flower all summer in moist soil, or in spring in dry soil during the summer.
Sowing period
Intended location
Planting & care advice
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Hardiness is the lowest winter temperature a plant can endure without suffering serious damage or even dying. However, hardiness is affected by location (a sheltered area, such as a patio), protection (winter cover) and soil type (hardiness is improved by well-drained soil).
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In temperate climates, pruning of spring-flowering shrubs (forsythia, spireas, etc.) should be done just after flowering.
Pruning of summer-flowering shrubs (Indian Lilac, Perovskia, etc.) can be done in winter or spring.
In cold regions as well as with frost-sensitive plants, avoid pruning too early when severe frosts may still occur.
The harvesting period indicated on our website applies to countries and regions in USDA zone 8 (France, England, Ireland, the Netherlands).
In colder areas (Scandinavia, Poland, Austria...) fruit and vegetable harvests are likely to be delayed by 3-4 weeks.
In warmer areas (Italy, Spain, Greece, etc.), harvesting will probably take place earlier, depending on weather conditions.
The sowing periods indicated on our website apply to countries and regions within USDA Zone 8 (France, UK, Ireland, Netherlands).
In colder areas (Scandinavia, Poland, Austria...), delay any outdoor sowing by 3-4 weeks, or sow under glass.
In warmer climes (Italy, Spain, Greece, etc.), bring outdoor sowing forward by a few weeks.
The planting period indicated on our website applies to regions in USDA Zone 9a (East Coast and Midlands: Dublin, Wexford, Waterford, Kilkenny, Portlaoise). It will vary depending on where you live:
- On the west coast and in the north-west (Galway, Limerick, Sligo, Donegal, Westport), delay planting by 1 to 2 weeks in spring and bring it forward by 1 to 2 weeks in autumn compared to the dates given, preferably choosing periods without strong winds.
- In the inland hills and plateaus (Wicklow Mountains, Macgillycuddy’s Reeks, Connemara, Killarney), it is best to plant in spring (April–May) or autumn (September–October), avoiding periods of waterlogged soil in winter and strong winds, which pose the main risk to newly planted trees in these areas.
The flowering period indicated on our website applies to regions in USDA Zone 9a, such as the East Coast and Midlands, including Dublin, Wexford, Waterford, Kilkenny and Portlaoise.
This will vary depending on where you live:
- On the west coast and in the northwest (Galway, Limerick, Sligo, Donegal and Westport), it will be delayed by one to two weeks compared to the given dates, due to stronger Atlantic winds and less spring sunshine.
- In the inland hills and plateaus (the Wicklow Mountains, the Macgillycuddy's Reeks, Connemara and Killarney), flowering will be delayed by two to three weeks. Flowering mainly occurs between May and July, with the limiting factors being less frost and more of the excessive humidity, strong winds and lack of sunshine that are characteristic of these areas.