Picea glauca Echiniformis - White Spruce
Picea glauca Echiniformis - White Spruce
Picea glauca Echiniformis
White Spruce, Canadian Spruce, Skunk Spruce, Cat Spruce, Black Hills Spruce, Western White Spruce, Alberta White Spruce, Porsild Spruce
very beautiful plant in full health
Hubert, 17/10/2020
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Description
Picea glauca 'Echiniformis' is a dwarf form of white spruce that resembles a small bushy hedgehog in its silhouette. It presents itself as a bristly ball in its young age, then spreads somewhat over the years, to form a dome a little wider than it is high. Its short and ramified branches are covered with young light green shoots, which become grey-green-blue as the seasons progress. Its very slow growth and reduced size make it suitable for rock gardens, as well as for borders or pots. It thrives in full sun or partial shade, in well-drained, neutral to acidic, and rather fertile, soil.
Picea glauca, also known as White Spruce, White Spruce or Glaucous Spruce, is an evergreen conifer belonging to the Pinaceae family. It is native to Canada. In its natural environment, it grows slowly. This tree can reach a height of 25 m (82 ft). It is traditionally used for paper making and can live for many years (200 years or more).
The 'Echiniformis' variety, derived from this species, is a very ornamental dwarf form, with a compact habit, initially globular, then dome-shaped. Its growth is slow, growing about 3 cm (1.2 in) per year, more or less, depending on the soil and climate. Eventually, it will reach 80 cm (31.5 in) in height and a little over 1 m (3 ft 4 in) in diameter. It produces short and highly branched twigs, covered with fine quadrangular spines arranged in very short, very pointed brushes with an aromatic sharp resin smell. Its spring shoots are a very light silver-green, which harmonises well with its older foliage, a dark green with bluish reflections. The root system of white spruces is shallow, highly branched and trailing, making them difficult to transplant when mature, and particularly sensitive to wind.
The 'Echiniformis' white spruce, with its characteristic shaggy appearance, its very small size, low maintenance, and easiness to grow, is a perfect plant for rock gardens and terraces. It thrives in many situations and adapts to various climates, as long as the soil is well drained and not too chalky. A grey or mauve mulch placed at its base will enhance its delicate colour. This small globular plant pairs well with large stones, geometric lines, and masonry works. It can be combined with dwarf conifers with a prostrate, columnar, or pyramidal habit. The true graphic qualities of conifers naturally impose themselves in the design of a contemporary garden. With their reassuring permanence, these plants durably structure a bed, mark pathways or border terraces, easily replacing the strong presence of trimmed boxwood or holly. They go well with heathers or ground-cover plants such as aubrietas, ceraistes or shrubby salvias, as well as flowering shrubs. The key is to play with volumes and colours.
Picea glauca Echiniformis - White Spruce in pictures
Plant habit
Foliage
Planting and care
Picea glauca 'Echiniformis' is planted from September to November and from February to June in deep, well-drained, light, preferably neutral or slightly acidic, occasionally dry to slightly moist soil. A sandy, loamy, or gravelly soil that is not too chalky will be perfect. However, this very hardy conifer dreads heavy, waterlogged soils in winter. Choose a sunny or semi-shaded location, sheltered from prevailing winds. In overly sunny and dry situations, it will be more susceptible to attacks from red spiders. Soak the root balls well before planting. Add organic compost when planting and water generously in the first few years, and during prolonged drought. Apply special conifer fertiliser every year in April and cultivate the soil in summer. Pruning is not necessary, however, as this globular plant expresses its full potential when allowed to grow freely.
Planting period
Intended location
Care
Planting & care advice
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Hardiness is the lowest winter temperature a plant can endure without suffering serious damage or even dying. However, hardiness is affected by location (a sheltered area, such as a patio), protection (winter cover) and soil type (hardiness is improved by well-drained soil).
In temperate climates, pruning of spring-flowering shrubs (forsythia, spireas, etc.) should be done just after flowering.
Pruning of summer-flowering shrubs (Indian Lilac, Perovskia, etc.) can be done in winter or spring.
In cold regions as well as with frost-sensitive plants, avoid pruning too early when severe frosts may still occur.
The harvesting period indicated on our website applies to countries and regions in USDA zone 8 (France, England, Ireland, the Netherlands).
In colder areas (Scandinavia, Poland, Austria...) fruit and vegetable harvests are likely to be delayed by 3-4 weeks.
In warmer areas (Italy, Spain, Greece, etc.), harvesting will probably take place earlier, depending on weather conditions.
The sowing periods indicated on our website apply to countries and regions within USDA Zone 8 (France, UK, Ireland, Netherlands).
In colder areas (Scandinavia, Poland, Austria...), delay any outdoor sowing by 3-4 weeks, or sow under glass.
In warmer climes (Italy, Spain, Greece, etc.), bring outdoor sowing forward by a few weeks.
The planting period indicated on our website applies to regions in USDA Zone 9a (East Coast and Midlands: Dublin, Wexford, Waterford, Kilkenny, Portlaoise). It will vary depending on where you live:
- On the west coast and in the north-west (Galway, Limerick, Sligo, Donegal, Westport), delay planting by 1 to 2 weeks in spring and bring it forward by 1 to 2 weeks in autumn compared to the dates given, preferably choosing periods without strong winds.
- In the inland hills and plateaus (Wicklow Mountains, Macgillycuddy’s Reeks, Connemara, Killarney), it is best to plant in spring (April–May) or autumn (September–October), avoiding periods of waterlogged soil in winter and strong winds, which pose the main risk to newly planted trees in these areas.
The flowering period indicated on our website applies to regions in USDA Zone 9a, such as the East Coast and Midlands, including Dublin, Wexford, Waterford, Kilkenny and Portlaoise.
This will vary depending on where you live:
- On the west coast and in the northwest (Galway, Limerick, Sligo, Donegal and Westport), it will be delayed by one to two weeks compared to the given dates, due to stronger Atlantic winds and less spring sunshine.
- In the inland hills and plateaus (the Wicklow Mountains, the Macgillycuddy's Reeks, Connemara and Killarney), flowering will be delayed by two to three weeks. Flowering mainly occurs between May and July, with the limiting factors being less frost and more of the excessive humidity, strong winds and lack of sunshine that are characteristic of these areas.
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