Echinacea paradoxa - seeds
Echinacea paradoxa - seeds
Echinacea paradoxa - seeds
Echinacea paradoxa - seeds
Echinacea paradoxa - seeds
Echinacea paradoxa - seeds
Echinacea paradoxa
Yellow Coneflower
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Description
Echinacea paradoxa, or Yellow Coneflower, is a decorative perennial with many assets. Its flowering lasts almost all summer and is colourful and highly sculptural. Its large compound flowers, like daisies, are a very bright golden yellow and brighten up the flower beds. A central brown chocolate heart creates a strong contrast, while the pendulous petals on either side create an original and aesthetic design. A tall perennial that forms beautiful clumps in sunny locations.
Echinacea belongs to the vast family of Asteraceae (formerly known as Compositae, in reference to the structure of the inflorescences, composed of tubular flowers in the centre, and ligulate flowers on the periphery). There are nine species of Echinacea, all native to the United States, and closely related to Rudbeckias. Echinacea paradoxa grows wild in clearings and meadows in the states of Missouri, Arkansas, Oklahoma, and Texas. This species is unique in its yellow flowering while the others are generally pink-mauve or violet.
This herbaceous perennial plant forms vigorous clumps, reaching up to 90 cm high and 50 cm wide. From late spring, long rigid stems form, topped with large yellow flowers measuring 8 to 10 cm in diameter. The ligulate flowers on the periphery are yellow, while the small, tightly packed central tubular flowers form a dome of chocolate brown, together making a flower head. These compound "flowers" contrast beautifully with the medium to dark green foliage, consisting of very narrow leaves. This neactar-rich and fragrant Yellow Coneflower attracts numerous pollinating insects, such as bees and butterflies. If the stems and faded flowers are left in place, the dried heads will be very decorative in the winter garden, and the seeds can be eaten by birds.
The Yellow Coneflower will fit well in a mixed-border, a wide flower bed adjacent to a winding grassy path, typical of English gardens... or in a varied bed in the French or German style. When planted in a sunny location, this tall perennial will form the second rank alongside other tall flowers such as the superb Delphiniums (Delphinium). Choose blue varieties that will create striking contrasts. Campanula lactiflora Prichard will play the same role with its lush spikes of blue star-shaped flowers. At the edge, choose low-growing perennials to create layers of vegetation, such as Hemerocallis Poogie, with its large pastel pink star-shaped flowers, or Scabiosa Pink Mist, with its slightly deeper pink flowers throughout the summer.
The term Echinacea comes from the Greek word Echinos, meaning Hedgehog, in reference to the spiky seed cones of these plants. Echinacea is a medicinal plant used in homoeopathy as a short-term immune stimulant to prevent infections. This plant was also known to Native Americans who used its leaves to combat rheumatism and certain childhood diseases, and its roots to treat burns and toothaches.
Flowering
Foliage
Plant habit
Botanical data
Echinacea
paradoxa
Asteraceae
Yellow Coneflower
North America
Planting and care
Sow Echinacea paradoxa in spring, in March and April, after storing the seeds in the refrigerator at 4°C for 5 to 6 weeks to facilitate germination. Use a tray filled with seed compost, spread the seeds on the surface and cover them with a thin layer of compost. Then moisten and place at 15-20°C, in a propagator or a mini-greenhouse. Keep the substrate moist, but not excessively, germination usually occurs after 2 to 4 weeks. When the seedlings have reached the stage of 4 to 6 leaves, they are ready to be transplanted into pots to grow larger. Plant in the ground in autumn.
Choose a sunny or lightly shaded location, in ordinary to humus-bearing soil, not too dry to moist and very well-drained. Poor drainage is fatal to it, so it is strongly advised, in cold and humid regions, to place a dry mulch at its base during the winter season. This plant may take a little longer to establish, but then it is very perennial. It will flower the following summer after planting, with some watering in spring. Once well-rooted, it is relatively resistant to drought.
Removing faded flowers prolongs flowering, and in October, it is advisable to cut all stems to ground level. They can also be cut in February if you want to leave their decorative cones in place during the winter. Clumps tend to age poorly, so it is a good idea to divide them every two or three years (no more, as Echinaceas don't like to be transplanted too much...).
Sowing period
Intended location
Planting & care advice
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Hardiness is the lowest winter temperature a plant can endure without suffering serious damage or even dying. However, hardiness is affected by location (a sheltered area, such as a patio), protection (winter cover) and soil type (hardiness is improved by well-drained soil).
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In temperate climates, pruning of spring-flowering shrubs (forsythia, spireas, etc.) should be done just after flowering.
Pruning of summer-flowering shrubs (Indian Lilac, Perovskia, etc.) can be done in winter or spring.
In cold regions as well as with frost-sensitive plants, avoid pruning too early when severe frosts may still occur.
The harvesting period indicated on our website applies to countries and regions in USDA zone 8 (France, England, Ireland, the Netherlands).
In colder areas (Scandinavia, Poland, Austria...) fruit and vegetable harvests are likely to be delayed by 3-4 weeks.
In warmer areas (Italy, Spain, Greece, etc.), harvesting will probably take place earlier, depending on weather conditions.
The sowing periods indicated on our website apply to countries and regions within USDA Zone 8 (France, UK, Ireland, Netherlands).
In colder areas (Scandinavia, Poland, Austria...), delay any outdoor sowing by 3-4 weeks, or sow under glass.
In warmer climes (Italy, Spain, Greece, etc.), bring outdoor sowing forward by a few weeks.
The planting period indicated on our website applies to regions in USDA Zone 9a (East Coast and Midlands: Dublin, Wexford, Waterford, Kilkenny, Portlaoise). It will vary depending on where you live:
- On the west coast and in the north-west (Galway, Limerick, Sligo, Donegal, Westport), delay planting by 1 to 2 weeks in spring and bring it forward by 1 to 2 weeks in autumn compared to the dates given, preferably choosing periods without strong winds.
- In the inland hills and plateaus (Wicklow Mountains, Macgillycuddy’s Reeks, Connemara, Killarney), it is best to plant in spring (April–May) or autumn (September–October), avoiding periods of waterlogged soil in winter and strong winds, which pose the main risk to newly planted trees in these areas.
The flowering period indicated on our website applies to regions in USDA Zone 9a, such as the East Coast and Midlands, including Dublin, Wexford, Waterford, Kilkenny and Portlaoise.
This will vary depending on where you live:
- On the west coast and in the northwest (Galway, Limerick, Sligo, Donegal and Westport), it will be delayed by one to two weeks compared to the given dates, due to stronger Atlantic winds and less spring sunshine.
- In the inland hills and plateaus (the Wicklow Mountains, the Macgillycuddy's Reeks, Connemara and Killarney), flowering will be delayed by two to three weeks. Flowering mainly occurs between May and July, with the limiting factors being less frost and more of the excessive humidity, strong winds and lack of sunshine that are characteristic of these areas.