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Silene dioica, Silene latifolia

Silene dioica, latifolia
Red Campion, White Campion

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A mix of two varieties of native perennial Silenes. Red Campion produces pink flowers that open during the day, while White Campion has white corollas that open in the evening. These two species are mainly found in forests or at the edge, in meadows and other thickets, on rich, cool, preferably sandy and limestone soils. Their flowering is early in summer, abundant and prolonged. It diffuses a gentle fragrance in the evening to attract night butterflies. Sowing in spring, in a tray or directly in place (germination temperature between 15 and 21°C (59 and 69.8°F)).  
Flower size
3 cm
Height at maturity
80 cm
Exposure
Sun, Partial shade
Annual / Perennial
Perennial
Germination time (days)
21 days
Sowing method
Direct sowing, Sowing under cover
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Sowing period March to May
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Flowering time June to September
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Description

The two species of Silenes that make up this mixture, called Red Companion and White Companion, are perennial plants from our native flora, which are undemanding and very floriferous. Red Companion, in Latin Silene dioica, offers pink flowers that open during the day, while White Companion, called Silene latifolia, bears white corollas that open in the evening. Each plant forms a beautiful and highly flowering clump throughout the summer, with a sweet evening fragrance that attracts butterflies. Sow these silenes in the spring, in trays or directly in place. They are perfect for lightening up your borders, accompanying your field flowers, and enhancing the beauty of your roses.

 

Silenes are plants from the Caryophyllaceae family, just like carnations. Silene dioica and its close relative Silene latifolia are naturally present in France and Western Europe. The former is adapted to moist soils, while the latter is more widely distributed, especially on limestone soils, from moist to dry. Both are herbaceous plants with perennial growth, fast-growing and very hardy. Each plant produces a basal tuft of elliptical to lanceolate linear leaves, from which rise branched leafy stems reaching about 70-80cm (28-32in) in height. Flowering occurs over many weeks, from May-June to September-October. Each stem produces inflorescences in cymes, composed of several flowers measuring 2 to 4cm (1 to 2in) in diameter, with a swollen base and 5 indented petals. They are pink-red in colour in Silene dioica and pure white in Silene latifolia. This flowering is followed by the formation of numerous fine seeds that easily germinate in light soil, dispersing the plants in the garden. Hybridization is common between these two "Companions": it gives rise to plants whose flowers display a beautiful gradient of pink.

  

Silenes may be the most beautiful wildflowers, due to their infinite lightness and their small shiny flowers. They enchant borders, rockeries, and flower beds, where they create spots of colour that are both vibrant and poetic. They bring the charm of flowering wild meadows to our gardens. Sow them in unpretentious borders, along pathways, in front of your bush plantings, they will be sublime accompanied by ornamental grasses such as Broom Grass, Eragrostis, or Mulhenbergia capillaris.

Flowering

Flower colour two-tone
Flowering time June to September
Inflorescence Cyme
Flower size 3 cm
Fragrance Fragrant

Foliage

Foliage persistence Semi-evergreen
Foliage colour medium green

Plant habit

Height at maturity 80 cm
Spread at maturity 40 cm
Growth rate fast

Botanical data

Genus

Silene

Species

dioica, latifolia

Family

Caryophyllaceae

Other common names

Red Campion, White Campion

Origin

Mediterranean

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Planting and care

Sow the Silene seeds outdoors, preferably directly in place, in March-April. Choose a sunny location on well-drained, properly prepared and loosened soil. Sow the seeds finely, to a depth of 1mm, with a spacing of 40cm (16in). Water regularly, especially during dry periods. Germination usually takes 14 to 21 days (germination temperature between 15 and 21 °C (59 and 69.8°F)). When the young plants are large enough to handle, transplant them at a distance of 15cm (6in) from each other, or thin out your sowing by keeping only the most beautiful plants, every 40cm (16in).

Another possibility is to sow indoors in a tray, for transplanting outdoors in April-May.

Sow the Silene seeds on the surface of good quality soil at a temperature of 18-23°C (64.4-73.4°F), and cover with a pinch of very fine compost or vermiculite. Keep the sowing in light, as this facilitates germination. When the seedlings are large enough to be moved, proceed with transplantation and grow them protected from the cold until the young plants are large enough to be moved outdoors. 

Campions thrive in soils that are not too dry in order to flower well, fertile, well-drained, light, properly loosened and in full sun.

 

Sowing period

Sowing period March to May
Sowing method Direct sowing, Sowing under cover
Germination time (days) 21 days

Intended location

Suitable for Meadow, Rockery
Type of use Border, Edge of border, Container
Hardiness Hardy down to -18°C (USDA zone 7a) Show map
Ease of cultivation Amateur
Exposure Sun, Partial shade
Soil pH Any
Soil moisture Moist soil, Free-draining, light.

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