Vernonia arkansana - Ironweed
Vernonia arkansana - Ironweed
Vernonia arkansana
Arkansas Ironweed
hasn't sprouted yet, is that normal?
patricia, 21/05/2025
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Description
Vernonia arkansana is a large and beautiful wild vernonia native to the north and central United States, a robust cousin of asters with brightly coloured pink-violet flowers in late summer when grown in the damp soils it prefers. This perennial with sturdy leafy stems is still not widely used, but it is a lovely relative of tall asters that endures harsh winters and tolerates all types of moist soil. Plant it in a natural garden, it at the back of a border or near water features. It will look stunning with inulas, aconites, and silver candles.
Vernonia arkansana belongs to the Asteraceae family. It is a majestic plant found in Illinois, Kansas, southern Arkansas, Oklahoma, and the state of Missouri. It can be found along streams, on the edges of swamps, in meadows, and wet thickets, where it can reach up to 2m (7ft) high. In gardens, it is a herbaceous plant anchored by a strong perennial crown that generally reaches 1.50m (5ft) high and spreads 50cm (20in) across. The size of the plant depends on the soil's fertility and moisture content. Cutting back the stems in late spring helps reduce their height. It grows quickly, but it takes two years to establish itself. It forms a clump of tall and robust, straight, hairy, unbranched stems, bearing long, alternate, simple, narrow, pointed, smooth leaves that are medium green-blue. It Flowers from August to September-October depending on the climate. At the tips of the stems, inflorescences resembling small, fluffy, pink-violet pompoms appear grouped in terminal clusters or corymbs. The flowers all open at the same time, attracting a large number of butterflies for a magnificent spectacle. After pollination, rust-coloured seeds form. The vegetation is deciduous, emerging from the ground each spring and dying in autumn.
Very easy to grow in clayey and always slightly moist soils, this superb Vernonia arkansana pairs well with lots of plants and creates magnificent autumn compositions. On the banks of a pond, it spreads rapidly and combines with similar-looking eupatoriums, Lythrum salicaria, Filipendula rubra 'Venusta', Euphorbia palustris. In a wilder style, at the back of a border, this imposing perennial forms a very successful combination with Rudbeckia maxima, tall asters, and tall grasses such as Miscanthus 'Malepartus', Panicum, Stipa...
Vernonia arkansana - Ironweed in pictures
Flowering
Foliage
Plant habit
Botanical data
Vernonia
arkansana
Asteraceae
Arkansas Ironweed
North America
Planting and care
Vernonia arkansana is an excellent perennial plant that deserves to be better known. It thrives in sunny locations and prefers rich and deep soils, but also tolerates clay soils very well. It cannot tolerate drought, but it grows well in any moist to wet soil. Leaf compost and coarse sand should be incorporated into heavy or compact soil when planting. The clumps can be divided in spring or autumn if they become too large. Cutting back the vegetation in late spring helps to limit the height of the plant. Trim the vegetation after flowering if you want to prevent self-seeding, or otherwise in late winter.
Planting period
Intended location
Care
Planting & care advice
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Hardiness is the lowest winter temperature a plant can endure without suffering serious damage or even dying. However, hardiness is affected by location (a sheltered area, such as a patio), protection (winter cover) and soil type (hardiness is improved by well-drained soil).
In temperate climates, pruning of spring-flowering shrubs (forsythia, spireas, etc.) should be done just after flowering.
Pruning of summer-flowering shrubs (Indian Lilac, Perovskia, etc.) can be done in winter or spring.
In cold regions as well as with frost-sensitive plants, avoid pruning too early when severe frosts may still occur.
The harvesting period indicated on our website applies to countries and regions in USDA zone 8 (France, England, Ireland, the Netherlands).
In colder areas (Scandinavia, Poland, Austria...) fruit and vegetable harvests are likely to be delayed by 3-4 weeks.
In warmer areas (Italy, Spain, Greece, etc.), harvesting will probably take place earlier, depending on weather conditions.
The sowing periods indicated on our website apply to countries and regions within USDA Zone 8 (France, UK, Ireland, Netherlands).
In colder areas (Scandinavia, Poland, Austria...), delay any outdoor sowing by 3-4 weeks, or sow under glass.
In warmer climes (Italy, Spain, Greece, etc.), bring outdoor sowing forward by a few weeks.
The planting period indicated on our website applies to regions in USDA Zone 9a (East Coast and Midlands: Dublin, Wexford, Waterford, Kilkenny, Portlaoise). It will vary depending on where you live:
- On the west coast and in the north-west (Galway, Limerick, Sligo, Donegal, Westport), delay planting by 1 to 2 weeks in spring and bring it forward by 1 to 2 weeks in autumn compared to the dates given, preferably choosing periods without strong winds.
- In the inland hills and plateaus (Wicklow Mountains, Macgillycuddy’s Reeks, Connemara, Killarney), it is best to plant in spring (April–May) or autumn (September–October), avoiding periods of waterlogged soil in winter and strong winds, which pose the main risk to newly planted trees in these areas.
The flowering period indicated on our website applies to regions in USDA Zone 9a, such as the East Coast and Midlands, including Dublin, Wexford, Waterford, Kilkenny and Portlaoise.
This will vary depending on where you live:
- On the west coast and in the northwest (Galway, Limerick, Sligo, Donegal and Westport), it will be delayed by one to two weeks compared to the given dates, due to stronger Atlantic winds and less spring sunshine.
- In the inland hills and plateaus (the Wicklow Mountains, the Macgillycuddy's Reeks, Connemara and Killarney), flowering will be delayed by two to three weeks. Flowering mainly occurs between May and July, with the limiting factors being less frost and more of the excessive humidity, strong winds and lack of sunshine that are characteristic of these areas.
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