Grapefruit - Citrus x paradisi
Grapefruit - Citrus x paradisi
Grapefruit - Citrus x paradisi
Citrus x paradisi
Grapefruit, Forbidden fruit, Pamplemousse, Pomelo
Repotted into a 15-litre pot, it flourished well over the summer and the four fruits present upon arrival are almost at ripeness today. It's one of my favourite little trees!
Olivier, 02/01/2026
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We guarantee the quality of our plants for a full growing cycle, and will replace at our expense any plant that fails to recover under normal climatic and planting conditions.
Description
Citrus x paradisi forms a beautiful tree, reaching over 6m (20ft) in height. It produces large, white, waxy flowers with a sweet fragrance in spring. Everything about this citrus is large, from the leaves to the fruits, which can exceed 12cm (5in) in diameter. Fruit juice enthusiasts appreciate its juicy and white pulp, which has an aromatic and refreshing flavour. It boasts a perfect balance of aroma, sugar, acidity, and bitterness, characteristic of grapefruit. It perishes below -7°C (19.4°F), but shows enough tolerance towards the soil. It can be cultivated in a large container in a greenhouse during winter, or in open ground in warm regions that are spared from severe frosts.
Citrus x paradisi is a large-sized shrub with dense foliage, belonging to the Rutaceae family. Its habit is naturally rounded. It is probably native to the West Indies, where its parents, C. maxima and C. sinensis (orange tree), hybridised. This beautiful tree reaches up to 10m (33ft) in height and spreads about 5m (16ft) in open ground, if growing conditions are favourable. Its growth will be more limited in a pot. Its young branches are pubescent, and then become glabrous over time. It flowers abundantly in March-April, producing the largest blooms in the Citrus genus. They are white, star-shaped, divinely fragrant, and gathered in clusters. They give way to round fruits, with a diameter ranging from 10 to 18cm (4 to 7in). Their relatively thick and smooth skin is initially green and then turns yellow when ripe. The white-greenish and translucent fruit pulp is slightly sweet, acidic, and bitter. The fruits are harvested from November to February. The large, evergreen, leathery, and aromatic leaves often have a petiole with a small wing.
Grapefruit is consumed fresh, as an appetizer, dessert, or in the form of juice. This fruit has a unique flavour, with a subtle blend of acidity, sweetness, bitterness, and fragrance. It is also a beautiful ornamental tree in very mild climates, with its superb deep green and shiny foliage, clusters of large fruits, and naturally balanced habit.
Like all Citrus, Citrus x paradisi contains essential oil glands in its leaves, flowers, and fruits, often visible to the naked eye. Essential oil with antiseptic, tonic, and appetising properties can be extracted through distillation (flowers and leaves) or pressing (peel). The fragrance of the essential oil is described as fruity, tangy, slightly bitter, with floral notes.
Most citrus trees thrive in open ground in Mediterranean coastal regions, where they find the year-round warmth they need. To bear fruit well, they must not lack water or nutrients. It is a self-fertile bush, which means that a single individual is sufficient for complete pollination and fruiting.
Grapefruit - Citrus x paradisi in pictures
Plant habit
Fruit
Flowering
Foliage
Planting and care
Planting in open ground
It appreciates neutral, slightly acidic, and non-calcareous soils, but it is less demanding in terms of soil pH than most other citrus trees. It can only be planted in open ground if you live on a Mediterranean coastal strip. The best time to plant is in early spring, in March and April. Do not to bury the collar. Citrus trees are naturally greedy and require water to bear fruit well. Consider adding well-decomposed compost or "special citrus" fertiliser. Choose a sunny but not scorching location, sheltered from the wind to prevent leaf drying and premature dropping of young fruits. Place it in a location protected from sea spray.
Planting in a pot
In all other regions, it should be planted in a pot that can be kept frost-free in a greenhouse or a very lightly heated veranda. It will appreciate being outdoors in summer. Plant (or repot) at the end of summer. Choose a pot slightly larger than the root system, as citrus trees do not like to feel cramped. Moisten the root ball well. To improve the drainage capacity of the mixture, line the bottom of the pot with clay pebbles. Loosen the root ball and mix two-thirds garden soil with one-third "special citrus" potting soil. Water generously. Choose pots made of terracotta or breathable material.
Citrus trees need a lot of water to thrive. Water every day, ideally with low or non-calcareous water. The soil should remain consistently moist. It also needs regular applications of fertiliser: every 6 months for slow-release granular fertiliser, or every 3 waterings for liquid fertiliser.
Planting period
Intended location
Care
Planting & care advice
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Hardiness is the lowest winter temperature a plant can endure without suffering serious damage or even dying. However, hardiness is affected by location (a sheltered area, such as a patio), protection (winter cover) and soil type (hardiness is improved by well-drained soil).
In temperate climates, pruning of spring-flowering shrubs (forsythia, spireas, etc.) should be done just after flowering.
Pruning of summer-flowering shrubs (Indian Lilac, Perovskia, etc.) can be done in winter or spring.
In cold regions as well as with frost-sensitive plants, avoid pruning too early when severe frosts may still occur.
The harvesting period indicated on our website applies to countries and regions in USDA zone 8 (France, England, Ireland, the Netherlands).
In colder areas (Scandinavia, Poland, Austria...) fruit and vegetable harvests are likely to be delayed by 3-4 weeks.
In warmer areas (Italy, Spain, Greece, etc.), harvesting will probably take place earlier, depending on weather conditions.
The sowing periods indicated on our website apply to countries and regions within USDA Zone 8 (France, UK, Ireland, Netherlands).
In colder areas (Scandinavia, Poland, Austria...), delay any outdoor sowing by 3-4 weeks, or sow under glass.
In warmer climes (Italy, Spain, Greece, etc.), bring outdoor sowing forward by a few weeks.
The planting period indicated on our website applies to regions in USDA Zone 9a (East Coast and Midlands: Dublin, Wexford, Waterford, Kilkenny, Portlaoise). It will vary depending on where you live:
- On the west coast and in the north-west (Galway, Limerick, Sligo, Donegal, Westport), delay planting by 1 to 2 weeks in spring and bring it forward by 1 to 2 weeks in autumn compared to the dates given, preferably choosing periods without strong winds.
- In the inland hills and plateaus (Wicklow Mountains, Macgillycuddy’s Reeks, Connemara, Killarney), it is best to plant in spring (April–May) or autumn (September–October), avoiding periods of waterlogged soil in winter and strong winds, which pose the main risk to newly planted trees in these areas.
The flowering period indicated on our website applies to regions in USDA Zone 9a, such as the East Coast and Midlands, including Dublin, Wexford, Waterford, Kilkenny and Portlaoise.
This will vary depending on where you live:
- On the west coast and in the northwest (Galway, Limerick, Sligo, Donegal and Westport), it will be delayed by one to two weeks compared to the given dates, due to stronger Atlantic winds and less spring sunshine.
- In the inland hills and plateaus (the Wicklow Mountains, the Macgillycuddy's Reeks, Connemara and Killarney), flowering will be delayed by two to three weeks. Flowering mainly occurs between May and July, with the limiting factors being less frost and more of the excessive humidity, strong winds and lack of sunshine that are characteristic of these areas.
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