Ulmus minor Viminalis Aurea - Elm
Ulmus minor Viminalis Aurea - Elm
Ulmus minor Viminalis Aurea - Elm
Ulmus minor Viminalis Aurea
Field Elm, Smooth-leaved Elm, Common Elm
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Description
Ulmus minor 'Viminalis Aurea', commonly known as the Golden-leaved Small-leaved Elm, is a small tree sought after for its decorative foliage and compact size. Suitable for smaller gardens, this cultivar stands out with its strongly toothed, bronze to golden leaves, which bring a bright touch to the garden, especially early in the season. Perfectly adapted to our climates, very hardy, and able to thrive in a wide range of neutral to alkaline soils, including heavy, chalky, and fairly dry soils, this tree is unfortunately susceptible to Dutch elm disease.
Ulmus minor 'Viminalis Aurea' is a cultivar selected before 1866 by Egide Rosseels from Leuven (Belgium), who is also credited with the Ulmus 'Viminalis'. The species, Ulmus minor (syn. Ulmus campestris), is native to a vast area covering Europe, Asia Minor, and North Africa. It belongs to the Ulmaceae family. Nowadays, the Field Elm can still be found here and there, in the form of coppices regularly cut back due to the disease. A few rare individuals seem to escape Dutch elm disease, and the species also survives in the form of attractive horticultural varieties with reduced growth.
The 'Viminalis Aurea' elm forms a large shrub or a small tree with an upright habit and an irregular crown. Its growth is quite fast, reaching a height of 2 to 5 m and a spread of 1 to 3 m depending on the growing conditions. The bark covering its trunk and older branches is ash grey and quite decorative. The branches of this variety are flexible, somewhat like willow branches. The obovate leaves, smaller and shinier than those of other elms, measure between 4 and 7 cm in length. They have many small teeth deeply incised along the edges. These leaves are yellow to golden bronze in early summer, then they turn greenish over the weeks. They give the plant a unique and changing appearance throughout the seasons. The autumn foliage is more or less bronze, with a slight golden hue. It dries up and falls in autumn. Ulmus minor 'Viminalis Aurea' does not produce spectacular flowers or fruits; this variety is mainly appreciated for its decorative foliage. Preferring neutral to chalky soils, it appreciates a certain degree of moisture, but can tolerate drier conditions when deeply rooted.
This 'Viminalis Aurea' Elm is suitable for gardens of all sizes. This small tree can be planted as a standalone specimen, in a grove, or in a mixed hedge. Its golden foliage complements darker foliage as well as colourful blooms. It can be planted alongside a Viburnum opulus 'Oh Canada', a Cotinus coggygria 'Royal Purple', a purple hazelnut, a large Weigela florida 'Rosea', and a Berberis ottawensis 'Superba' with purple-violet foliage, for example.
Ulmus minor Viminalis Aurea - Elm in pictures
Plant habit
Flowering
Foliage
Botanical data
Ulmus
minor
Viminalis Aurea
Ulmaceae
Field Elm, Smooth-leaved Elm, Common Elm
Ulmus Viminalis Aurea
Cultivar or hybrid
Planting and care
Ulmus minor 'Viminalis Aurea' is preferably planted in autumn in ordinary soil, even heavy or chalky soil. While it grows faster in moist soil, it adapts well to drier soil once it is well rooted. Plant it in a sunny or semi-shaded location, if possible without direct sunlight. This tree adapts to all climates, but does not like acidic soil. Water and mulch in the first summers to help it establish. Prune in winter to balance its branches if necessary, and during the season to remove branches with completely green leaves, which can occur with this variety.
In the 1970s, a Dutch elm disease epidemic greatly reduced the population of elms in Europe. Following this event, a monitoring program was established. The disease is caused by a fungus called Dutch elm disease (a fungal disease) that is transmitted by a beetle called the elm bark beetle. The first symptoms appear on a branch of the crown and are characterised by wilting and curling of the leaves during the growing season. Generally, the elm bark beetles infest large specimens exceeding 2 m in height. Only organic solutions remain effective, such as pheromone traps or the introduction of elm bark beetle predators.
Planting period
Intended location
Care
Planting & care advice
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Hardiness is the lowest winter temperature a plant can endure without suffering serious damage or even dying. However, hardiness is affected by location (a sheltered area, such as a patio), protection (winter cover) and soil type (hardiness is improved by well-drained soil).
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In temperate climates, pruning of spring-flowering shrubs (forsythia, spireas, etc.) should be done just after flowering.
Pruning of summer-flowering shrubs (Indian Lilac, Perovskia, etc.) can be done in winter or spring.
In cold regions as well as with frost-sensitive plants, avoid pruning too early when severe frosts may still occur.
The harvesting period indicated on our website applies to countries and regions in USDA zone 8 (France, England, Ireland, the Netherlands).
In colder areas (Scandinavia, Poland, Austria...) fruit and vegetable harvests are likely to be delayed by 3-4 weeks.
In warmer areas (Italy, Spain, Greece, etc.), harvesting will probably take place earlier, depending on weather conditions.
The sowing periods indicated on our website apply to countries and regions within USDA Zone 8 (France, UK, Ireland, Netherlands).
In colder areas (Scandinavia, Poland, Austria...), delay any outdoor sowing by 3-4 weeks, or sow under glass.
In warmer climes (Italy, Spain, Greece, etc.), bring outdoor sowing forward by a few weeks.
The planting period indicated on our website applies to regions in USDA Zone 9a (East Coast and Midlands: Dublin, Wexford, Waterford, Kilkenny, Portlaoise). It will vary depending on where you live:
- On the west coast and in the north-west (Galway, Limerick, Sligo, Donegal, Westport), delay planting by 1 to 2 weeks in spring and bring it forward by 1 to 2 weeks in autumn compared to the dates given, preferably choosing periods without strong winds.
- In the inland hills and plateaus (Wicklow Mountains, Macgillycuddy’s Reeks, Connemara, Killarney), it is best to plant in spring (April–May) or autumn (September–October), avoiding periods of waterlogged soil in winter and strong winds, which pose the main risk to newly planted trees in these areas.
The flowering period indicated on our website applies to regions in USDA Zone 9a, such as the East Coast and Midlands, including Dublin, Wexford, Waterford, Kilkenny and Portlaoise.
This will vary depending on where you live:
- On the west coast and in the northwest (Galway, Limerick, Sligo, Donegal and Westport), it will be delayed by one to two weeks compared to the given dates, due to stronger Atlantic winds and less spring sunshine.
- In the inland hills and plateaus (the Wicklow Mountains, the Macgillycuddy's Reeks, Connemara and Killarney), flowering will be delayed by two to three weeks. Flowering mainly occurs between May and July, with the limiting factors being less frost and more of the excessive humidity, strong winds and lack of sunshine that are characteristic of these areas.