Ilex aquifolium Myrtifolia - Common Holly
Ilex aquifolium Myrtifolia - Common Holly
Ilex aquifolium Myrtifolia
European Holly, Common Holly, English Holly, Evergreen Holly
dry clump and root, to be seen
Francine, 19/02/2024
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Description
Ilex aquifolium 'Myrtifolia' is a particularly ornamental variety of the common holly. It has delicate and narrow foliage that is beautifully cut, which also gives it the name Myrtle-leaved Holly. Moderately spiny, the leaves are a dark green that sparkle in the sun. They are finely serrated along the edges. This evergreen shrub has a compact, dense, and upright habit, and is a male cultivar that does not produce fruits. The decorative value of this shrub is also due to its particularly elegant conical shape. It will make a great impression when planted alone in a small garden or even in a large pot on the terrace!
Hollies belong to the family of aquifoliaceae. Ilex aquifolium is an evergreen shrub mainly native to Europe. Commonly found, it likes deep soils and cool to wet areas, but can also adapt to open spaces. It is a dioecious species, meaning that there are male and female plants. The 'Myrtifolia' cultivar only bears male flowers and does not produce fruit. It has a rather slow growth and will reach an average height of 3.5 meters (11 feet 6 inches) with a width of 1.5 meters (4 feet 11 inches) depending on the growing conditions. The shrub has a clearly conical and slender habit, supported by thin upright branches. The evergreen and leathery foliage is characterized by long and narrow leaves, finely toothed along the edges but not very prickly. The dark green leaves are very shiny with a tin-like reflection on top. The bark of this small tree is green when young, then turns grey and smooth. The common Holly is a long-lived species, capable of living up to 400 to 500 years.
Ilex aquifolium 'Myrtifolia' deserves a prominent place in the garden. Its compact habit and graphic appearance is well suited for a small garden with a contemporary or urban style. It also fits perfectly on an elegant terrace, placed in a carefully chosen large container. It has the advantage of adapting to many growing conditions while adding a touch of originality to the garden. It is also perfect in mixed planting, accompanied by some deciduous shrubs with autumn foliage (Parrotia, Cotinus, Sorbus domestica...) and grey-blue conifers for contrast. It dislike dry air and shallow soils instead preferring a cool position. Plant it in cold regions, along with hawthorns, snowberries, and other evergreen or deciduous hollies.
Hollies are both beloved plants and little-known vegetation. The genus includes nearly 800 deciduous or evergreen species, usually native to the temperate northern hemisphere. These very ancient plants have experienced glacial periods and dry and hot periods in our climatic history, which makes them extremely adaptable and resistant plants. Their wood, white to cream, is very low in water, even when green. It is dense and heavy, but soft and easy to work with in cabinetmaking. It is also an excellent fuel for heating.
Ilex aquifolium Myrtifolia - Common Holly in pictures
Plant habit
Flowering
Foliage
Botanical data
Ilex
aquifolium
Myrtifolia
Aquifoliaceae
European Holly, Common Holly, English Holly, Evergreen Holly
Cultivar or hybrid
Planting and care
To plant the common holly 'Myrtifolia', add some compost to the soil and incorporate it into your garden soil. This will slightly acidify overly chalky soil. Loosen compact ground to facilitate faster and deeper rooting. The common holly is an understory species, found in lowlands and mountains, up to an altitude of 1500 m, and tends to seek coolness in the southernmost regions of its distribution range. The common holly prefers acidic, humus-rich, deep soils and cool locations, but adapts to calcareous soils if the air humidity level is sufficient. This shrub also dislikes excessively cold situations and icy winds. Therefore, choose a partially shaded location in a warm climate, and a sunnier spot in cooler regions. Monitor the watering for the first 3 years, especially during dry spells, to help the shrub to establish itself. It will then manage on its own, as it tolerates drought quite well. In the first few years, prune in late summer or early spring, selecting the branches you want to keep. Step back to assess the overall shape and arrangement of the holly's stems.
Holly can be attacked by holly leaf miners, white scale insects in spring, and mites and aphids in summer. Consider a preventive treatment at the beginning of the season if necessary.
Planting period
Intended location
Care
Planting & care advice
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Hardiness is the lowest winter temperature a plant can endure without suffering serious damage or even dying. However, hardiness is affected by location (a sheltered area, such as a patio), protection (winter cover) and soil type (hardiness is improved by well-drained soil).
In temperate climates, pruning of spring-flowering shrubs (forsythia, spireas, etc.) should be done just after flowering.
Pruning of summer-flowering shrubs (Indian Lilac, Perovskia, etc.) can be done in winter or spring.
In cold regions as well as with frost-sensitive plants, avoid pruning too early when severe frosts may still occur.
The harvesting period indicated on our website applies to countries and regions in USDA zone 8 (France, England, Ireland, the Netherlands).
In colder areas (Scandinavia, Poland, Austria...) fruit and vegetable harvests are likely to be delayed by 3-4 weeks.
In warmer areas (Italy, Spain, Greece, etc.), harvesting will probably take place earlier, depending on weather conditions.
The sowing periods indicated on our website apply to countries and regions within USDA Zone 8 (France, UK, Ireland, Netherlands).
In colder areas (Scandinavia, Poland, Austria...), delay any outdoor sowing by 3-4 weeks, or sow under glass.
In warmer climes (Italy, Spain, Greece, etc.), bring outdoor sowing forward by a few weeks.
The planting period indicated on our website applies to regions in USDA Zone 9a (East Coast and Midlands: Dublin, Wexford, Waterford, Kilkenny, Portlaoise). It will vary depending on where you live:
- On the west coast and in the north-west (Galway, Limerick, Sligo, Donegal, Westport), delay planting by 1 to 2 weeks in spring and bring it forward by 1 to 2 weeks in autumn compared to the dates given, preferably choosing periods without strong winds.
- In the inland hills and plateaus (Wicklow Mountains, Macgillycuddy’s Reeks, Connemara, Killarney), it is best to plant in spring (April–May) or autumn (September–October), avoiding periods of waterlogged soil in winter and strong winds, which pose the main risk to newly planted trees in these areas.
The flowering period indicated on our website applies to regions in USDA Zone 9a, such as the East Coast and Midlands, including Dublin, Wexford, Waterford, Kilkenny and Portlaoise.
This will vary depending on where you live:
- On the west coast and in the northwest (Galway, Limerick, Sligo, Donegal and Westport), it will be delayed by one to two weeks compared to the given dates, due to stronger Atlantic winds and less spring sunshine.
- In the inland hills and plateaus (the Wicklow Mountains, the Macgillycuddy's Reeks, Connemara and Killarney), flowering will be delayed by two to three weeks. Flowering mainly occurs between May and July, with the limiting factors being less frost and more of the excessive humidity, strong winds and lack of sunshine that are characteristic of these areas.
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