Alnus glutinosa Laciniata - Black Alder
Alnus glutinosa Laciniata - Black Alder
Alnus glutinosa Laciniata - Black Alder
Alnus glutinosa Laciniata - Black Alder
Alnus glutinosa Laciniata
Common Alder, Black Alder, European Alder
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Description
'Alnus glutinosa 'Laciniata', also known as the Cut-leaved Alder or Black Alder, is a variety with deeply cut foliage, slightly smaller than that of the species. The slightly toothed lobes are lanceolate and less cut than those of the cultivar 'Imperalis'. Its brown branches are adorned, from March onwards and before the foliage appears, with numerous, very decorative, pendulous, yellow-green to brown catkins. This medium-sized tree also has a graceful habit with slightly drooping branches. Therefore, it needs more space to thrive and excels in waterlogged and poor soils, where it is sometimes the only plant that can grow.
In harsh climates and poor, marshy, and suffocating soils, the Black Alder, with its rot-resistant and lightweight wood, reigns supreme. This deciduous tree from the birch family is very common in the native flora of Europe, up to Scandinavia. It is sometimes called "vergne" or "verne". The 'Laciniata' variety is mainly distinguished by its deeply incised leaves. It is a small tree with a pyramidal and airy habit, with drooping branches, reaching a height of 8 to 12 m at maturity with a spread of about 5 m. Its growth is rather slow. Its foliage is light green and vibrant, even lighter underneath, and slightly sticky to the touch, especially the juvenile leaves. The buds are purple and also sticky, especially in winter. The spring inflorescence is a kind of small cone called a strobilus, 2 cm long, containing tiny winged fruits that will be dispersed by the wind. This tree retains its foliage for a long time.
As a pioneering species that loves water, regardless of its source, the Black Alder is used as a standalone tree, in groups, or to retain banks along streams, natural ponds, or in waterlogged, acid-prone soils in damp woodlands. It should be kept away from foundations and buildings, as its extensively developed root system (up to 4 m deep) is capable of obstructing water pipes. Plant the 'Laciniata' Black Alder with shrubs or trees that have similar growing conditions, such as Nyssa sylvatica or the Bald Cypress. At its base, plant ferns like Onoclea sensibilis, in neutral to acidic and moist soil, in full sun or partial shade. An elegant small tree, perfect for riverside or marsh scenes, in dappled shade or full sun.
The Black Alder is also a useful tree, used in forests to prepare and improve the soil before planting poplars. Considered a green manure by foresters, it purifies and enriches the soil in which it is planted, as its roots convert atmospheric nitrogen into plant proteins. Its wood, almost rot-resistant in water, was once used for underground water pipes and channels. A significant part of the city of Venice is said to have been built on piles made of Alder wood.
Alnus glutinosa Laciniata - Black Alder in pictures
Plant habit
Flowering
Foliage
Safety measures
Botanical data
Alnus
glutinosa
Laciniata
Betulaceae
Common Alder, Black Alder, European Alder
Alnus glutinosa var. laciniata
Cultivar or hybrid
atteinterespiratoire
Cette plante peut entraîner des symptômes allergiques.
Evitez de la planter si vous ou vos proches souffrez de rhinite saisonnière ("rhume des foins").
Davantage d'informations sur https://plantes-risque.info
Planting and care
Easy to grow in consistently moist soil, Alder glutinosa Laciniata requires little maintenance. It should be planted in moist, humus-bearing soil, even peaty and poor, preferably acidic, in full sun or partial shade. It tolerates wind well. Prune only to remove dead or unnecessary branches.
Planting period
Intended location
Care
Planting & care advice
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Hardiness is the lowest winter temperature a plant can endure without suffering serious damage or even dying. However, hardiness is affected by location (a sheltered area, such as a patio), protection (winter cover) and soil type (hardiness is improved by well-drained soil).
In temperate climates, pruning of spring-flowering shrubs (forsythia, spireas, etc.) should be done just after flowering.
Pruning of summer-flowering shrubs (Indian Lilac, Perovskia, etc.) can be done in winter or spring.
In cold regions as well as with frost-sensitive plants, avoid pruning too early when severe frosts may still occur.
The harvesting period indicated on our website applies to countries and regions in USDA zone 8 (France, England, Ireland, the Netherlands).
In colder areas (Scandinavia, Poland, Austria...) fruit and vegetable harvests are likely to be delayed by 3-4 weeks.
In warmer areas (Italy, Spain, Greece, etc.), harvesting will probably take place earlier, depending on weather conditions.
The sowing periods indicated on our website apply to countries and regions within USDA Zone 8 (France, UK, Ireland, Netherlands).
In colder areas (Scandinavia, Poland, Austria...), delay any outdoor sowing by 3-4 weeks, or sow under glass.
In warmer climes (Italy, Spain, Greece, etc.), bring outdoor sowing forward by a few weeks.
The planting period indicated on our website applies to regions in USDA Zone 9a (East Coast and Midlands: Dublin, Wexford, Waterford, Kilkenny, Portlaoise). It will vary depending on where you live:
- On the west coast and in the north-west (Galway, Limerick, Sligo, Donegal, Westport), delay planting by 1 to 2 weeks in spring and bring it forward by 1 to 2 weeks in autumn compared to the dates given, preferably choosing periods without strong winds.
- In the inland hills and plateaus (Wicklow Mountains, Macgillycuddy’s Reeks, Connemara, Killarney), it is best to plant in spring (April–May) or autumn (September–October), avoiding periods of waterlogged soil in winter and strong winds, which pose the main risk to newly planted trees in these areas.
The flowering period indicated on our website applies to regions in USDA Zone 9a, such as the East Coast and Midlands, including Dublin, Wexford, Waterford, Kilkenny and Portlaoise.
This will vary depending on where you live:
- On the west coast and in the northwest (Galway, Limerick, Sligo, Donegal and Westport), it will be delayed by one to two weeks compared to the given dates, due to stronger Atlantic winds and less spring sunshine.
- In the inland hills and plateaus (the Wicklow Mountains, the Macgillycuddy's Reeks, Connemara and Killarney), flowering will be delayed by two to three weeks. Flowering mainly occurs between May and July, with the limiting factors being less frost and more of the excessive humidity, strong winds and lack of sunshine that are characteristic of these areas.
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