Citrus sinensis 'Washington Navel'
Citrus sinensis 'Washington Navel'
Citrus sinensis 'Washington Navel'
Citrus sinensis 'Washington Navel'
Citrus sinensis Washington Navel
Sweet Orange, Navel Orange, Valencia Orange, Blood Orange
Beautiful shrub.
Eliane, 26/10/2021
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Description
The 'Washington Navel' Orange, Citrus sinensis in Latin, is a beautiful fruit tree with a rounded silhouette and fast growth. This variety, whose fruits are found everywhere in shops, is unanimously appreciated for its productivity, vigour, and delicious quality of its oranges. They peel very easily and contain both crunchy and juicy flesh, seedless, with a perfect balance of sweetness and acidity. The harvest takes place from December to March.
The Orange Tree is a tree native to Southeast Asia. It was introduced to Southern Europe, on the shores of the Mediterranean, in the year 1000 by the Arabs.
Cultivated on a large scale in Californian orchards where it finds an ideal climate, the 'Washington Navel' Orange can reach 6 to 7 metres (20 to 23 feet) in height when grown in the ground but will remain much smaller if grown in a pot or container. This variety is also known as 'Bahia', the Brazilian city from which it was imported to the U.S.A. in 1870.
With a rounded spreading habit, this vigorous bush has beautiful, dense and evergreen foliage. Its leaves are elongated, pointed, shiny on the upper side, ranging from bright green to dark green, and very aromatic when crushed. It produces many small white flowers with waxy texture and remarkable fragrance in early spring (March-April). After pollination by insects, they give way to round oranges, 7 to 10 cm (3 to 4in) in diameter, characterised by a deep depression on the top called 'navel'. Under a fairly smooth and thin skin, there is juicy and pulpy flesh with a very pleasant flavour. The orange colour only develops under the effect of cold; it is not a sign of ripeness. The fruits, which take about 1 year to ripen, can be harvested starting from December.
Like all Citrus trees, the Orange Tree contains essential oil glands in its leaves, flowers, and fruits, which can be extracted by distillation (flowers and leaves) or pressing (zest). Most citrus trees thrive in the ground in Mediterranean coastal regions, where they find the necessary warmth all year round. They will be grown in pots and protected from the first cold weather elsewhere. Not very hardy, the Washington Navel Orange tree starts to suffer from cold temperatures at -5°C (23°F) and dies at -8°C (17.6°F).
The 'Washington Navel' Orange is a self-fertile bush, meaning a single individual is sufficient for complete pollination and fruiting. However, if your citrus tree remains indoors permanently, you must allow pollinators to do their work occasionally or, if delicate enough, perform pollination by hand with a brush.
Citrus sinensis 'Washington Navel' in pictures
Plant habit
Fruit
Flowering
Foliage
Botanical data
Citrus
sinensis
Washington Navel
Rutaceae
Sweet Orange, Navel Orange, Valencia Orange, Blood Orange
Cultivar or hybrid
Planting and care
Planting in open ground: The Orange tree prefers slightly acidic and non-limestone soils. If you are considering planting a citrus tree in open ground, it is recommended that you live in a Mediterranean coastal strip. The ideal time to plant citrus trees is in the early spring months of March and April.
To start, moisten the root ball by watering it, then dig a hole that is four to five times larger than the root ball. If your soil is limestone, add ericaceous soil to it, but if it is heavy and compact, add one-third sand to lighten it. Citrus trees do not like limestone soils or poorly draining soils as they dislike having their roots in stagnant water. Be careful not to bury the collar and firmly pack the soil.
Citrus trees require a lot of nutrients, so consider adding well-decomposed compost with humus or special citrus fertiliser to the soil. Choose a sunny location for your citrus tree, but avoid placing it in a location that is too hot or exposed to strong winds, which can damage the leaves. Also, make sure to keep the tree away from any sea spray.
Pot planting: in all other regions, Citrus trees will be planted in pots stored in an orangery or a cold greenhouse in winter and outdoors once the frost is over. Pot planting or repotting takes place at the end of summer. Choose a pot slightly larger than the root system, as citrus trees do not like to feel cramped. Moisten the root ball well. To improve drainage, line the bottom of the pot with clay pebbles. Loosen the root ball and mix two-thirds of the garden soil with one-third of the "special citrus" potting soil. Water generously using pots made of clay or breathable material.
Citrus trees need a lot of water to thrive. Your Orange tree, especially when grown indoors, should be watered daily, and the soil should remain consistently moist. Similarly, regularly provide it with the fertiliser it needs: every 6 months for slow-release granular fertiliser or every 3 waterings for liquid fertiliser.
Planting period
Intended location
Care
Planting & care advice
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Hardiness is the lowest winter temperature a plant can endure without suffering serious damage or even dying. However, hardiness is affected by location (a sheltered area, such as a patio), protection (winter cover) and soil type (hardiness is improved by well-drained soil).
In temperate climates, pruning of spring-flowering shrubs (forsythia, spireas, etc.) should be done just after flowering.
Pruning of summer-flowering shrubs (Indian Lilac, Perovskia, etc.) can be done in winter or spring.
In cold regions as well as with frost-sensitive plants, avoid pruning too early when severe frosts may still occur.
The harvesting period indicated on our website applies to countries and regions in USDA zone 8 (France, England, Ireland, the Netherlands).
In colder areas (Scandinavia, Poland, Austria...) fruit and vegetable harvests are likely to be delayed by 3-4 weeks.
In warmer areas (Italy, Spain, Greece, etc.), harvesting will probably take place earlier, depending on weather conditions.
The sowing periods indicated on our website apply to countries and regions within USDA Zone 8 (France, UK, Ireland, Netherlands).
In colder areas (Scandinavia, Poland, Austria...), delay any outdoor sowing by 3-4 weeks, or sow under glass.
In warmer climes (Italy, Spain, Greece, etc.), bring outdoor sowing forward by a few weeks.
The planting period indicated on our website applies to regions in USDA Zone 9a (East Coast and Midlands: Dublin, Wexford, Waterford, Kilkenny, Portlaoise). It will vary depending on where you live:
- On the west coast and in the north-west (Galway, Limerick, Sligo, Donegal, Westport), delay planting by 1 to 2 weeks in spring and bring it forward by 1 to 2 weeks in autumn compared to the dates given, preferably choosing periods without strong winds.
- In the inland hills and plateaus (Wicklow Mountains, Macgillycuddy’s Reeks, Connemara, Killarney), it is best to plant in spring (April–May) or autumn (September–October), avoiding periods of waterlogged soil in winter and strong winds, which pose the main risk to newly planted trees in these areas.
The flowering period indicated on our website applies to regions in USDA Zone 9a, such as the East Coast and Midlands, including Dublin, Wexford, Waterford, Kilkenny and Portlaoise.
This will vary depending on where you live:
- On the west coast and in the northwest (Galway, Limerick, Sligo, Donegal and Westport), it will be delayed by one to two weeks compared to the given dates, due to stronger Atlantic winds and less spring sunshine.
- In the inland hills and plateaus (the Wicklow Mountains, the Macgillycuddy's Reeks, Connemara and Killarney), flowering will be delayed by two to three weeks. Flowering mainly occurs between May and July, with the limiting factors being less frost and more of the excessive humidity, strong winds and lack of sunshine that are characteristic of these areas.
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