Aesculus x bushii - Bush's Horse Chestnut
Aesculus x bushii - Bush's Horse Chestnut
Aesculus x bushii
Bush's Horse Chestnut, Bush's Buckeye
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Description
Aesculus x bushii is a hybrid Chestnut tree resulting from the cross-breeding between Aesculus glabra and A. pavia, two American Chestnuts. It is a deciduous tree with moderate growth, commonly planted in the USA but relatively unknown in Europe. Its main qualities are its colourful and nectar-rich spring flowering and its dense palmate foliage that changes colour in autumn. In the garden, it can be used as a shade tree or in a large informal hedge.
The Bush Chestnut belongs to the Sapindaceae family, formerly known as the Hippocastanaceae family. Under the name Aesculus x bushii, slightly different forms can be found depending on their exact lineage. The differences mainly concern the colour of the flowers, which can be more or less yellow, pink, or red, as well as the habit of the tree, which can be more or less broad. This Chestnut tree forms a trunk topped with a more or less rounded crown. Eventually, it reaches a height of 6 to 8 metres (sometimes 9 metres) with a spread of 5 metres. The growing conditions, particularly the soil fertility and moisture, significantly influence its growth. In winter, its branches bear small smooth, non-sticky buds. The leaves are bright green, compound, palmate, with 5 wide leaflets. In autumn, they turn yellow and then fall to the ground. Flowering occurs between May and late June, depending on the climate. It takes the form of flowers grouped in upright panicles. Flowers of different colours can appear in the same inflorescence, but most often they transition from yellow to pink and then red. They attract bees and other pollinators. After pollination, fruits are formed. The fruit is a more or less spiny tough capsule containing one or two seeds. The seed is toxic if ingested.
Aesculus x bushii can be used as a standalone specimen, or accompanied by large shrubs or other small trees. For example, with Flowering Dogwoods, which are interesting for their beautiful June flowering and autumn colours. Also, with purple-leaved beech trees like 'Purple Fountain' or 'Dawyck Purple'. Or even with Amelanchier canadensis (Canadian Serviceberry), covered with white flowers in spring and with colourful autumn foliage.
Plant habit
Flowering
Foliage
Botanical data
Aesculus
x bushii
Sapindaceae
Bush's Horse Chestnut, Bush's Buckeye
Cultivar or hybrid
Planting and care
The Bush Chestnut should be planted in spring or autumn in deep, preferably quite rich, slightly acidic, neutral or slightly alkaline soil. Plant it in a sunny or semi-shaded position, in a clear location so that it can be seen. This variety will be much more floriferous when planted in the sun. Water and mulch to keep the soil moist for young plants. This chestnut tree requires regular watering, especially during dry periods. However, it does not tolerate waterlogged soils, so make sure the soil is well-drained. It requires little maintenance. Light pruning can be done after flowering to maintain its shape.
Planting period
Intended location
Care
Planting & care advice
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Hardiness is the lowest winter temperature a plant can endure without suffering serious damage or even dying. However, hardiness is affected by location (a sheltered area, such as a patio), protection (winter cover) and soil type (hardiness is improved by well-drained soil).
In temperate climates, pruning of spring-flowering shrubs (forsythia, spireas, etc.) should be done just after flowering.
Pruning of summer-flowering shrubs (Indian Lilac, Perovskia, etc.) can be done in winter or spring.
In cold regions as well as with frost-sensitive plants, avoid pruning too early when severe frosts may still occur.
The harvesting period indicated on our website applies to countries and regions in USDA zone 8 (France, England, Ireland, the Netherlands).
In colder areas (Scandinavia, Poland, Austria...) fruit and vegetable harvests are likely to be delayed by 3-4 weeks.
In warmer areas (Italy, Spain, Greece, etc.), harvesting will probably take place earlier, depending on weather conditions.
The sowing periods indicated on our website apply to countries and regions within USDA Zone 8 (France, UK, Ireland, Netherlands).
In colder areas (Scandinavia, Poland, Austria...), delay any outdoor sowing by 3-4 weeks, or sow under glass.
In warmer climes (Italy, Spain, Greece, etc.), bring outdoor sowing forward by a few weeks.
The planting period indicated on our website applies to regions in USDA Zone 9a (East Coast and Midlands: Dublin, Wexford, Waterford, Kilkenny, Portlaoise). It will vary depending on where you live:
- On the west coast and in the north-west (Galway, Limerick, Sligo, Donegal, Westport), delay planting by 1 to 2 weeks in spring and bring it forward by 1 to 2 weeks in autumn compared to the dates given, preferably choosing periods without strong winds.
- In the inland hills and plateaus (Wicklow Mountains, Macgillycuddy’s Reeks, Connemara, Killarney), it is best to plant in spring (April–May) or autumn (September–October), avoiding periods of waterlogged soil in winter and strong winds, which pose the main risk to newly planted trees in these areas.
The flowering period indicated on our website applies to regions in USDA Zone 9a, such as the East Coast and Midlands, including Dublin, Wexford, Waterford, Kilkenny and Portlaoise.
This will vary depending on where you live:
- On the west coast and in the northwest (Galway, Limerick, Sligo, Donegal and Westport), it will be delayed by one to two weeks compared to the given dates, due to stronger Atlantic winds and less spring sunshine.
- In the inland hills and plateaus (the Wicklow Mountains, the Macgillycuddy's Reeks, Connemara and Killarney), flowering will be delayed by two to three weeks. Flowering mainly occurs between May and July, with the limiting factors being less frost and more of the excessive humidity, strong winds and lack of sunshine that are characteristic of these areas.
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